Tag Archives: 茶法

先有课程内容,才谈茶道师资哪里来-20131120周三小方块-蔡荣章

先有课程内容,才谈茶道师资哪里来

蔡荣章

20131120周三小方块WEDNESDAY TEA CORNER

茶道老师就是教“茶道”的老师,强调的是以茶道为核心,当然也要会教制茶、识茶,但可以不会教茶树栽培、病虫害防治、土壤营养等。茶道老师需要分工的,不容易一个人什么课程都能上。这些分工要有相应的培训课程与能力认证方足以让茶道教育步上正轨,不论是学校的师资还是民间的师资。当然培训与认证也有不可靠者,例如只要缴费就保证可以取得证书,但大家会逐渐地分辨出来,不负责的培训单位大家就会不接受它发出的证书。

泡茶老师(初阶:泡茶老师证书,进阶:茶道艺术家证书)

茶道老师第一个要培训与认证的科目是泡茶技艺,目标是教会学生在不同场合使用不同的器具泡好各类茶。初级是熟练各种泡茶法(如十大茶法),进阶是将泡茶与茶汤提升到“茶道艺术家”与“茶汤作品”的境界。初级的是取得“泡茶老师”证书,进阶的是取得“茶道艺术家”证书。

车轮式泡茶练习法老师

如何让学习者有法可循地将各道茶汤泡得精准呢?老师要接受“车轮式泡茶练习法”的培训,而且有能力担任这种泡茶练习法的指导老师。不但要熟悉这种泡茶练习法的运作,也要每道茶的浸泡时间都判断得比学生准确。参加这项培训者必须先具备泡茶老师的证书。

泡茶师及茶艺师的审评老师

学生学会了泡茶,他也要去取得“泡茶师”或“茶艺师”证书,作为老师的这时就要让自己具备泡茶师或茶艺师检定考试的评审员。这项评审员的培训是针对泡茶师或茶艺师检定考试的办法与评分标准,他的泡茶能力与品茶能力应该早已具备。接受培训时应该出示泡茶老师证书、车轮式泡茶练习法指导老师证书、或是下文要说到的茶叶品鉴老师证书。

茶叶品鉴老师

茶叶品鉴也是茶道教学的核心课程,所以必须有茶叶的品与鉴的茶道老师,品是欣赏、鉴是鉴别。此项培训要让受训的老师充分了解“品饮泡茶法”与“评鉴泡茶法”的区别。品饮泡茶法的前期必修课程是泡茶技艺与车轮式泡茶练习法,评鉴泡茶法的前期必修课程是茶叶审评与官能鉴定。如果已是泡茶与车轮式泡茶练习法的老师,这时可以不必重复学习泡茶技艺与车轮式泡茶练习法这两项课程,剩下的茶叶审评、官能鉴定、品鉴比较等课程就成了此项培训的主要内容。

要学好泡茶、学会品茶、学会评茶,必须对茶的制作有所了解,否则知其然而不知所以然终究一知半解。“概论式的制茶课”(即原则性的理解)是所有茶道老师必须具备的基础知识。

制茶老师

“专业式的制茶课”(即深入到可以制成好茶)是担任制茶课老师的必须培训与认证项目。“制茶课老师” 的培训要特别着重各类茶(不发酵茶、部分发酵茶、全发酵茶、后发酵茶、加工茶)的制作工艺以及相互间的共同原理,而且制茶理论课要比制茶实践课多一点,因为精通的理论基础有助于对泡茶、评茶、品茶的深度掌控。茶道教学还有茶器、茶席、茶会、茶食、茶史、茶文化比较、艺术、思想等老师,他们也需要知道茶是如何产生的,他们接受培训时,这方面的课程只要是“概论式制茶课” 的内容就可以了。

以上这些泡茶技艺、泡茶练习、泡茶考证、茶叶品鉴、茶叶制作等课程都是茶道教学里偏向茶的部分,师资的来源除了重新培养就是从涉农的茶叶范畴里找寻。茶道教学的课程还有一半是将茶叶转化到文化艺术层面时所需的,如茶器、茶席、茶会、茶食、茶史、茶文化比较、艺术、思想等,这些课程的内容必须为茶道重新设计,师资除了重新培养,就是从陶瓷、建筑、文学、历史、艺术等相关的领域中找寻(这部分的培训内容与师资的产生待另章讨论)。

谈茶道教育必先谈茶道教学的内容,然后才能谈到师资与教材的产生。这项工作是时当茶文化复兴后要进一步迈进茶道艺术与茶汤作品的时候,民间的茶道教育组织与学校体系的茶文化专业必须同时并进的。解决了茶道教学内容与师资,才能令“茶文化”成为完整的一门学科。

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这是一个茶沦为配角的茶艺表演时代-20131118周一喝茶慢-许玉莲

这是一个茶沦为配角的茶艺表演时代

许玉莲

20131118周一喝茶慢MONDAY SLOW TEA

「茶艺表演」为什么比「茶道演示」拥有更加可能成为主流的趋势?这与目前有几股势力加入茶界操作是脱不了关系的,一先说插花、点香,人们一直争论和迷惑这些是否也属于茶道的一部分的时候,这些「产品」已经在茶界大规模开班收徒,茶人们排队缴费进场学插花点香的多得是,大家以为插花与点香在茶席上有点石成金的效果,能把茶席弄得更引人入胜来吸睛,有些茶会把花艺、香道达人直接请到茶会现场指导,他们在泡茶席上的风头比茶人还犀利,茶人们都乐得听从他们的铺排,认为这样茶友才会「买单」。

茶道的训练本应接受多方面的艺术熏陶,那可加强对艺术方面的欣赏力与创造力,不过像这样过分依赖别种(插花、点香)文化来表达自己所做的(茶道)项目,无疑地显示出茶道的无力感。人们在花艺界举行花艺活动时,可以不请茶道达人去演示「茶道内涵」来加强花的效果,香道界在举办香会时,可以不请茶道达人去为点香助阵,这两项文化显然可独立生存,反观茶道,少了这两样,好像就说不出自己「茶道内涵」的话了。「茶道」只好停在「茶艺表演」阶段,让其他文化介入。

二是与茶席相关的项目如空间、家具、服装、茶器设计及摄影等已随着插花、点香,成为另几项茶界要仰赖的茶艺表演道具提供。很多茶人不知道自己要用什么桌子,地方要怎么摆设,要穿什么衣服,要用怎样的一支壶来泡茶,统统交给专家设计,这是茶人把自己变成「演员」的第一步,茶人把要藉以表达「茶道内涵」的道具、形式一概放弃不管,让其他相关项目的专家去个别施展到自己将要进行创作茶汤的泡茶席上。这是否显示了茶人对要表达茶道精神的技术掌握得非常少,甚至不懂,以致在许多茶会场合我们可以听到人们津津乐道的是哪位大师为这场茶会设计服装,哪位大师做室内设计,哪位大师设计了什么茶壶,获得哪位大师为他摄影是多么地与有荣焉。但好像没有谁会在乎哪位茶人值得我们期待他的茶汤作品发表。

三是「演员」,最后有些茶人连「演员」也不做了,直接聘用「工作人员」回来当「演员」代表自己的机构出演就是。有些舞台剧演员、舞蹈员或其他文化创意界的工作者在「茶艺表演」舞台找到出路,或受雇于茶界,或自立门派成为「茶艺表演」的专业「演员」,把「茶艺表演」带动的更加猖狂。茶道演示更加销声匿迹了。

四现今有两群消费能力极高的消费群体左右了茶界的市场,一群是豪华奢侈者进入茶界「消费」茶文化,这群豪客玩古器、喝古董茶、收藏铁壶银壶、到拍卖行投字画、点沉香、置地盖造茶屋、流行开办茶会、香会来附庸风雅,成为「茶艺表演」最大的客户,是一个有潜质制造利润的市场,让茶界亦步亦趋。另一群是「禅修客」,把茶当作一种媒介来宣示茶禅一味是他们的独特修行,「茶艺表演」也成为为这群消费者做服务的产品。

我们从以上情况检讨:茶人多从茶行在职培训而来,是否这样社会觉得他们不够学术性?反观其他室内设计、服装设计等是否让大众(包括茶人本身)觉得更专业?因为他们大多属于学院科班出身?故此茶会由他们执话事权反而得到大众的信服?茶人的专业在哪里?茶人的专业包括需要懂得如何利用泡茶空间吗?如何摆置桌椅吗?什么样的服装才是泡茶的好服装吗?茶人在这几方面所下的功夫是否信心不足?茶人要表达茶道内涵的技术在哪里?是技术含量低做不出来,或是还没有把技术体系做好,于是只好把表达内涵的事情都交出去给别人做了?变得茶人们现在都不敢、或不会做茶道演示?只有坐在那里装模作样做一个泡茶表演的样子而已?

 

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小壶茶法的「茶道演示」-20131113周三小方块-蔡荣章

小壶茶法的「茶道演示」

蔡荣章

20131113周三小方块WEDNESDAY TEA CORNER

三位客人首先进场,并排坐上舞台,只有椅子,侧面斜对着观众。与客人席有段距离的是已摆置妥当的泡茶席。

等待着,泡茶师进场,三位客人起立表示敬意,泡茶师行礼回应,坐上泡茶位子。三位客人随即坐下。

泡茶师检查了席上的一切,静下心来端坐了一会儿。助手双手捧着泡茶用的清水壶,小心翼翼走上舞台,放于泡茶席的侧柜,退出。

泡茶师站起身来,检视煮水器、捧着清水壶,小心地将水注入煮水器内。打开电源加热。坐下。

泡茶师将茶荷置于胸前,打开茶叶罐,持渣匙尾端将茶叶拨入荷内。双手捧起茶荷,用欣赏的眼神端详着茶叶许久。

泡茶师站起来,捧着茶荷走到客人席,请第一位客人赏茶。泡茶师回座。

客人传赏茶叶。最后一位客人将茶荷送回泡茶席放茶荷的地方。

泡茶师双手放在煮水壶两侧的桌面,眼睛看着蒸汽外冒的状况、耳朵听着水的声音,水温恰到好处的时候将电源关了。

客人将茶荷送回后,泡茶师持渣匙将茶荷上的茶叶拨入壶内。注视着茶壶,判断是否是准确的置茶量,盖上壶盖。

泡茶师打开煮水壶的盖子,再次判断水温。提起煮水壶,将热水冲入壶内。盖上壶盖、放回煮水壶、按下计时器。

泡茶师注视了茶壶一下子,然后转移注意力到自己的呼吸。浸泡的时间快到了,转头看了计时器,确定已是正确的时间,提壶将茶汤倒入茶盅,并将茶汤倒干到每秒一滴的程度。

泡茶师持盅将茶汤分倒入奉茶盘上的四只杯内,站起身、端着奉茶盘前去奉茶。客人一直专注地看着泡茶师的泡茶,这时眼神跟着回到自己的身边,从泡茶师的奉茶盘上端起了自己的一杯、行礼致谢,泡茶师行礼回应。奉给第三位客人前,泡茶师将留在盘上的二只杯子往奉茶盘中间移了一下,以免客人不便端取。

依序奉完三人的茶,泡茶师回到自己座位、放回奉茶盘、坐下、将最后的一杯茶端起。向客人微微行个礼,与客人一同喝了这杯茶。

大家回味着刚才的这杯茶汤,不禁地端起空杯、闻了闻留在杯内的香气。客人将杯子留在手上。

泡茶师从忘怀于茶香茶味中回神了过来,打开水壶盖,再度判断水温。提起茶壶,打开壶盖,了解茶况,思索着下一道的浸泡时间。提起水壶往茶壶注入了第二道水,盖上壶盖、放回煮水壶、按下计时器。

泡茶师专注着茶叶的浸泡,时间快到时,看一下计时器,确定已是正确的浸泡时间。提壶将茶汤倒入茶盅,将茶汤滴干。

泡茶师将盅提放到奉茶盘前端、茶巾提放到茶盅的后方。起身、端奉茶盘前去奉茶。

到客人面前,泡茶师提起茶盅,客人将杯子放到泡茶师的奉茶盘上,泡茶师倒完茶,客人端回杯子,泡茶师将茶盅放回奉茶盘,客人行礼致谢,泡茶师行礼回应。

奉完三位客人的第二道茶,泡茶师回到自己座位,放回奉茶盘、坐下、将茶巾归位、提回茶盅为自己斟上一杯。端起杯子,向客人行个礼,与客人一同喝了第二道茶。

大家回味着茶汤,沉思了一下。泡茶师开始去渣、清理茶具,客人专注着泡茶师的动作。

泡茶师清理完茶具,向客人行了个礼,表示茶会即将结束。主客向泡茶师行了个礼,表示请求品赏泡茶用水。泡茶师提起水壶倒了-盅泡茶用水,将盅与茶巾放上奉茶盘,端着奉茶盘走到客人席,客人将杯子放上奉茶盘让泡茶师斟水。奉完泡茶用水, 泡茶师回到自己座位,与客人一起品赏清水。

喝完水,泡茶师看着客人,主客看了其他二位客人一下,三位客人一起坐着向泡茶师行礼表示感谢与告辞之意。主客起身将茶杯送回主人的奉茶盘上,靠着内侧摆放,然后回自己座位。其余两位客人亦陆续送回杯子,杯子也都依序从内往外放置。

泡茶师起身走到客人席旁的出口处送客。客人起身,在泡茶师前面行了个礼,步下舞台(场外)。

泡茶师回到自己座位,沉思了一阵,想到茶会就此结束,提起茶盅,将盅内留下的清水倒入自己杯中,双手捧起,将水喝了。放下杯子,站起身来,从靠近泡茶席的出口步下舞台。

注1: 若演示时间允许,可将开始时助手(即捧水的助手)很有秩序地布置茶席,结束后很有秩序地将茶具撤出舞台的部分呈现。

注2: 若演示时间不允许,可将品饮泡茶用水的那段省略。也可以将注1与注2同时省略。

 

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茶艺表演用艺人与茶道演示用茶人之别-20131104周一喝茶慢-许玉莲

茶艺表演用艺人与茶道演示用茶人之别

许玉莲

20131104周一喝茶慢MONDAY SLOW TEA

茶艺表演与茶道演示的差别在:茶艺表演只是以茶为题来从事的一种活动,人们在表演过程时较强调的是故事情节、演员、肢体动作和服装等,比如表演用茶叶来作为嫁娶聘金的礼节,提供了富丽堂皇热闹繁华的情境。表演向天地拜祭的献茶,呈现了大自然的美。表演道士在寺庙静坐也泡茶的过程,表达了道士修身养性的方法。但在这些节目里,茶只不过是一种道具而已。

茶道演示则需要以茶道艺术与内涵做主题表现,要以茶为中心,让茶自己说自己的话,茶道艺术首先要有一套完整程序的茶法,使用可以发挥茶性的茶具,冲泡制作优良的茶叶,然后泡茶者投入精神一门心思就是希望能把茶泡好,让品茗者用茶时可以体会到茶本身的生命力。

我们要说:茶艺表演可以用艺人上阵,茶道演示必须由茶人亲自做。

茶艺表演的演员可来自茶企业任何职员或专任茶艺表演的职员、爱好喝茶者、其它主办公司为茶会临时凑出来的演出份子、专职或业余舞台演员等,这类艺人不必懂茶,不必会喝茶和爱茶,他们只要扮演好被指定的角色如:该弹琴唱歌时要弹琴唱歌,该沉思泡茶时要沉思泡茶,换句话说,在这种茶艺表演节目中,包括泡茶者也可以是演员,认为他有足够演技演出泡茶者的表情和动作就可上台了。

这时大家没有意识到茶道主题,所以也不会太重视泡茶和茶汤的内涵,就把注意力放在表演者的容貌体态和服装上,因为那是最容易被看得见的「内容」,结果导致目前茶艺表演形成了美女天下,年轻貌美的女演员成为「泡茶者」的主流。

茶道演示则是茶人表现茶道内涵的亲身示范。茶人不但须对茶道理论颇有心得,并且还熟练实践茶道程序:把泡茶场所整理好,茶器摆置好,水和茶叶准备好,用细腻与崇敬的精神通过泡茶奉茶喝茶过程,将茶道意义呈献给品茗者。

茶道演示的要旨:茶人是将自己对茶道的领悟用具体手法示范,不含表演成分。大家注重的是茶人的用心与用神程度、茶人泡茶的专注、茶汤作品的精致,而不是茶人的外表、年龄、身材与服装,要是茶人的泡茶功夫不到家,大家会认为他/她不应、不配,茶人自己也不愿、不敢站在台上做演示。茶人们大多经历很长时间的茶道体验与锻炼,拥有清楚明白的手段和实力告示自己的心得才会做演示,而不是只要外表年轻好看就可以。

茶界有这两种不同的形式来传播和教育是可以接受,它们表现了不同层次的茶文化境界。目前这两种形式都并存在茶界,但它们的不分家、不管它们在较通俗性或较学术性的场合都可一起同台出现的混合做法引导大家误解,以为茶艺表演与茶道演示是相等词。小众不懂得欣赏茶道的,只把中心放在茶艺表演者的年轻貌美与穿着上,如果不表示欣赏他们还担心主办方怪他们不尊重呢。当茶界由得这种看法驾驭时,对要发展茶道内涵的深度将造成很大损失与伤害。

茶界在办茶文化活动时务必要调整心态,先定位好茶艺表演与茶道演示的规格与形态,而且要建立「节目」审评单位,送审过关了才可以上台呈现,不要分配式,或滥竽充数有人要呈现「节目」已经很高兴了。有规格有审评在那里大家知道,是茶艺表演还是茶道演示才不至于闹出笑话。

  (2369)

陆羽茶道教室的经营模式-20130925周三小方块-蔡荣章

陆羽茶道教室的经营模式

蔡荣章

20130925周三小方块WEDNESDAY TEA CORNER

台北陆羽茶艺中心的茶道教室1981年1月4日开始第一个班别“茶艺讲座”的上课,这个阶段的上课是免费的,包括上课使用的茶叶、茶具与非泡茶课时每人的盖碗茶(泡茶课时已经有茶喝了)。但必须繳交新台币500元的保证金,8次课上完,泡茶考试与学科考试及格取得结业证书后退回保证金。缺课时可以在以后任何一期补上所缺的那次课,考试不及格时也可以在以后任何一期的同样考试时补考,不必再繳费用,补完课、补完试,依旧发给原期的结业证书并行退费。

除了基础班的茶艺讲座,后续开设的班别亦复如此。为执行上完课才可毕业的规定,每次上课必须签到,缺席的那次必然是空白,等补课时方行补签。

保证金的收费方式一直维持到1986年,为求茶文化教育的独立发展,改变成收费的制度。开始是将保证金的500变成收费的500,然后逐渐调高,从800到1000,从1000到1200、2000元不等,依课程所需的成本而定。收费的制度下,依然是上完全部学时并通过考试才发证,补课补考依然不另行收费。但是这样的收费标准,直到目前仍然无法支付包括房租在内的所有成本,除非班别密集得天天午晚皆是,每班的学员数都能够在30以上。

陆羽茶艺中心之所以能够采取这种几近公益式的教学方式,是因为它另有茶具开发部门,生产的茶具透过关系企业天仁茗茶与天福茗茶的销售网向外销售。“陆羽茶艺”品牌的茶具支持着教学,教学支持着茶具的研发(包括知识的与形象的),但这种做法要依赖经营者对茶文化的支持、相信茶文化与企业的永续经营是相互链接的,而且拥有经济支撑项目的营利能力。还得告诉学员,让有心办好茶学教育的单位能够赚钱,我们才能够享受更好的品茗氛围。陆羽茶道教室至今仍然处于需要扶持的状况,茶文化的私塾教育要能健康发展,学习费用还得提高,大家享受茶汤与茶道艺术(不只是茶叶商品)的需求还待大大醒觉。

1996年4月13日为期一年的师资班开课后,上完全部课程后才能结业的办法改成了:出席率达到80%以上(长年上课要一次不缺是不容易的)。补课的规定依旧,虽然必须等到一年后(尚无法并排开两个师资班)。可以补足80%的出席率,也可以补满全部课时。

陆羽茶道教室为了可以贯彻泡好茶的理念,制定了两个非得把茶泡好的制度与课程:

a. 从1983年起每年举办1-2届的泡茶师检定考试。检测的办法是在各类茶中抽取三样,依指定的茶具与供茶需求(如泡几道、泡给几个人喝),在40分钟内把茶泡出。如果能将茶汤泡出一定标准,且有80%以上的稳定度,就可通过术科考试,再通过学科考试(制茶、识茶、泡茶、茶具、茶史等方面的知识),就可以取得泡茶师证书。这个泡茶师检定考试的制度,除引导大家重视泡茶、重视茶汤外,也培养一些能够泡好茶的茶文化工作者、在茶事活动上有批精炼的先锋部队。

b. 除了1982年12月开设的泡茶讲座外,复于1999年10月25日起开设了“泡茶研习班”,利用“车轮式泡茶练习法”,一组五六位学员轮番上阵,第一位就坐后“置茶”与泡第一道,第二位泡第二道,第三位泡第三道,—-第五位泡第五道并去渣清具。每道茶冲泡之前都将茶壶传阅,每人看淸壶内的茶况,记录下自己所判断的“浸泡时间”。等茶泡好,大家品赏过茶汤,老师做出标准浸泡时间的判断(茶汤浓度标准时则依原冲泡时间,不标准时则提出标准时间)。每人算出自己的误差值(秒数),五道以后再计算总误差。就这样一次又一次地练习,以不同的茶叶与茶具为题,求得误差值的减少。这种泡茶练习除对茶况的认知外,必须关注置茶量、水温、前数泡的太浓或太淡、与前泡“间隔时间”的长短、茶壶出水的速度等等,是学习掌握茶汤浓度很有效的办法。

上面不厌其烦地介绍陆羽茶道教室在“学茶者必须认真且付出代价的学习” 、“必须具备泡好茶能力”的理念下所做的努力,也说明一个茶道教室,不论是学校体系还是民间的单位,有了思想与目标的指引,它的课程体系才容易显得有个性与富生命力。

 

  (1934)

無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony)-Chapter 14 Presenter’s Script for Sans Self Tea Gathering-蔡荣章Rong-tsang Tsai

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony)180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN 978-957-9690-08-9,“无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering(Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony) 180” ,First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9.《无我茶会180条》,1999.9第一版,2010.9第二版.台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版.-English Translator : Katherine Yip,英语翻译:叶德明.

Chapter 14     Presenter’s Script for Sans Self Tea Gathering

A Sans Self Tea Gathering requires neither an event director nor master of ceremonies. However, the Organizer may assign a presenter to brief observers about the procedure and the meaning behind this unique form of tea gathering, if it is held in public. Such arrangement helps promote Sans Self Tea Gathering; it facilitates understanding of the concept, which is not to be confused with event facilitation.

Presenter’s Script for Sans Self Tea Gathering

Steps

Subject

Talking Points

1.Placing of number plates

a. Event

report

a. Ladies and gentlemen, we will be hosting a Sans Self Tea Gathering at __________ (time).

Please join us. During the tea gathering, our fellow brewers will be offering tea to you.

b. What is

Sans Self Tea Gathering

b. Participants of Sans Self Tea Gathering bring along their own tea wares. Seated in a circle or loop, they serve tea to fellow tea drinkers; this way, each participant enjoys tea brewed by different persons. It is essentially a form of tea gathering where everyone brews, serves and drinks tea.

 c.On-site happening

c. Seat number plates are being placed. Participants are seated in a circle or loop. Later on, they will take their places according to the numbers they have drawn. This realizes the first principle of Sans Self Tea Gathering, namely “there is no hierarchical differentiation.”

___(number) participants are attending this tea gathering; therefore, the number plates will be arranged in __(number) circles or loops.

d.Engaging the crowd

d. Ladies and gentlemen, today, each participant will be brewing four cups of tea, two of which will be served to you, our dear guests. Please stay with us. You will get to enjoy different types of tea (including those from Japan, South Korea, China ……).

e.Introducing the main and co-organizers

e. This Sans Self Tea Gathering, entitled  _________(name of tea gathering),  is held in conjunction with the _______ (occasion). It is organized by (the International Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Association) (and ____), and co-organized by _____. The Organizers wish to express their gratitude to the parties and individuals who have lent us their assistance and support.

2.Signing in

a. Drawing lots

a. Ladies and gentlemen, as you can see, the participants are arriving. Seats are determined by random drawing; no one knows who will be next to them until they are seated. This embodies the spirit of the tea gathering whereby we accept things the way they are – there is no hierarchical differentiation.

b.Participating parties

b. Participating in today’s ____ (name of tea gathering) Sans Self Tea Gathering are (all) fellow tea drinkers from ____ (I can see participants (from Japan) coming in….) .

c. Taking the seats

c. Participants are now taking their places according to the drawn numbers; some of them are already taking out their tea ware.

d. Tea Utensils

d. Ladies and gentlemen, take a look at these tea wares, how they are wrapped and being carried about. Tea ware for Sans Self Tea Gathering should be kept simple. Hot water is stored in the participants’ thermal flasks. There are different kinds of tea ware, too, including those for (matcha). Participants are free to make their choices of tea ware and brewing methods, thus realizing the second principle of Sans Self Tea Gathering: that “there is no restriction as to the school or regional practice in brewing”

e.Tea ware appreciation and networking

e. When tea ware is laid, participants may proceed to appreciate others’ tea ware, and greet and talk to each other. This is what we called the “Tea Ware Appreciation and Networking” session. It is a good time for photos; once brewing begins, no photos are allowed. Participants may ask non-participants to take photos for them outside the circle.

If the owner is not around, or no permission is given, participants should not touch the tea ware of the others when they are appreciating it.

3.  TeaBrewing

a. When to brew tea

a. When the “Tea Ware Appreciation and Networking” session is about to end, participants will return to their seats and begin brewing. Timing is stated in the “Notification” distributed prior to the tea gathering. There is no event director or master of ceremonies at the venue; everyone follows the pre-determined schedule, just as the third principle of Sans Self Tea Gathering goes: “Everyone follows pre-agreed arrangement”. When there is no event direction at the tea gathering, people could focus on the beauty of collective rhythm. Today, I am here to explain to you what Sans Self Tea Gathering is all about. Imagine I was not here talking, the impression of the tea gathering would be much more graceful.

b. Venue clearing

b. When brewing begins, the area inside the circle or loop formation must be cleared so as not to compromise the integrity of the venue. Filming crews and photographers have to move out; if necessary, take a few snap shots and leave the area promptly.

c. Observing silence

c. No talking is allowed once brewing begins; everyone will concentrate on making tea. Participants offer tea to each other without verbal exchanges, such as  “thank you” and “have some tea, please” – a slight bow, and a smile, is enough. A peaceful and tranquil environment is conducive to an aesthetic experience and the bond between people, matters and space the tea gathering brings. This is another characteristic of Sans Self Tea Gathering, namely “Appreciating mutual-understanding and the beauty of collective rhythm”.

d. Ways of serving tea

d. Ladies and gentlemen, now you will see how tea is served. Each participant offers tea to the three fellow participants on his (left), and reserves the last cup. This way, tea is served in the same direction.  “Uni-directional flow of tea serving” is a rule of Sans Self Tea Gathering. When you serve tea to your left and receive tea from your right, you are “expecting no action of reciprocity”, which is one of the seven principles of Sans Self Tea Gathering.

e. Setting aside personal preferences

e. The four cups of tea a person drinks could be entirely different, because the choice of tealeaves is personal. Sans Self Tea Gathering wishes each person to accept and appreciate tea without letting personal preferences get in the way. Preference rules out things you don’t like, which could be something intrinsically wonderful. By rejecting, we could be depriving ourselves of the blessings in life. “Setting aside personal preferences” is the way of tea that Sans Self Tea Gathering advocates.

f. Getting better each time

f. Not all tea is masterfully brewed. There may be one or two cups that are downright bitter and astringent. When this is the case, we should ask ourselves: “Have I brewed a bad pot, too?” “Brewing a good pot” is basic. Bad brew is a disgrace to ourselves, disservice to the others, and yes, to the tea brewed. “Getting better each time” is one of the seven principles of Sans Self Tea Gathering.

g. Second cup

of tea/round of serving

g. The participants will be serving their second cup of tea to our guests. Today, you will be drinking various kinds of tea brewed by fellow tea drinkers from different places (Taiwan,…). This is indeed a gathering of friendship and goodwill. Hold on to the cup; this will be used for the fourth round of serving.

h. Third cup of tea/round of serving

h. The third cup of tea will be served with the tea pitcher; again, it will be served to the three persons on one’s left with a cup reserved for oneself.

i. Alternatives for the directional flow of tea serving

i.Tea can be served either to your left or to your right. Likewise, it is not a must to offer tea to your three immediate neighbours; alternative arrangements can be made. For example, one may be serving tea to the second, fourth and sixth fellow tea drinkers, or the first, third and fifth fellow tea drinkers next to him, on either side, as long as the arrangement is made clear in the Notification in advance.

j. A brief history of Sans Self Tea Gathering

j. Sans Self Tea Gathering was introduced in Taiwan in 1990. Today, it has won worldwide recognition. This unique form of tea gathering takes place in different countries, including China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, etc. They take turn hosting an international Sans Self Tea Gathering at given years. This year (next year), we will be having the __th International Sans Self Tea Gathering at _______(country/place) in _______(month).  You are all welcome to join us.

k. Fourth cup of tea/round of serving

k. The fourth cup is now ready. This is dedicated to all our guests. This time, it could be a different person serving you a different kind of tea. With the Way of Tea, we are encouraged to brew for others, even strangers. This practice is certainly upheld in a Sans Self Tea Gathering.

l. Cups used by the guests

l. Ladies and gentlemen, enjoy your tea. The participants will begin packing their tea ware shortly.  To avoid any inconvenience and to stay friendly to our environment, they will collect the cups they have distributed. (If the cups are given away as souvenirs, revise the script)

m. Embracing the ‘beauty of the void’

m. When the last brew has been taken, there will normally be a short session of music appreciation that demonstrates the ‘beauty of the void’ embraced during a Sans Self Tea Gathering. This is a time when participants relish the aftertaste, and refresh their memory on what has happened in the course of the gathering. The music comes on without any introduction and requires no applause. As the music fades away, participants begin collecting their tea ware and the tea gathering is coming to an end. (Revise the script if other forms of post-tea activities are arranged. Omit if no such activities are arranged.)

4. After-tea Procedures

a. Post-tea activities

a. (No explanation is required)

b. Wiping the cups

b. Before packing, wipe each used cup to avoid it being too messy when others come and collect their cups. This gesture is in line with the spirit of the Way of Tea, whereby we put others’ interests first. The tea ware will have to be washed when one is back at home.

c. Collecting the tea cups

c. After wiping the used cups, participants will proceed to collect their tea cups from other participants, (as well as tea cups from the guests, along the way). Silence is still observed.

d. Packing the tea ware

d. After the cups have been collected, pack tea ware properly.

e. Tea ware for travelling

e. Ladies and gentlemen, pay attention to these ‘travel’ tea ware used by the brewers. You may want to prepare a set similar to this, so you can enjoy tea when you are travelling or going out with your family. Note the way these items are packed: Tea cups must come with ‘cup covers’. Two of the cups are ‘hooked’ onto the teapot and bundled up with a wrapping cloth, while the other two cups are stacked with the tea pitcher and bundled up with another wrapping cloth. The idea is to proceed in a well-planned, systematic manner to the very end. There is this common saying: What has begun well must end well.

f. Service Counter

f. Ladies and gentlemen, (The Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Association) operates classes on the Way of Tea conducted by experienced instructors at different places. There are also classes on Sans Self Tea Gathering at fixed time and venues.  For more information, please proceed to our service counter.

g.Thank you

g. We would like to express our gratitude to ______ for providing us with ______ for the today’s Sans Self Tea Gathering. (Omit if not applicable)

h.The End

h. Ladies and gentlemen, we appreciate your feedback about this Sans Self Tea Gathering. Thank you for participating, and we look forward to brewing tea together next time.

i. Group photo

i. To commemorate this special occasion, we would like to invite all our guests to come together for a group photo.

This Sans Self Tea Gathering has come to an end. We would like to thank everyone for a wonderful time together. See you soon.

 

  (3504)

第十四章 無我茶會解說稿-蔡荣章

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering 180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN978-957-9690-08-9 “无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering180,” First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9《无我茶会180条》1999.9第一版 2010.9第二版 台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版-English Translator : Katherine Yip英语翻译:叶德明

第十四章 無我茶會解說稿

無我茶會進行間是不設指揮與司儀的,但若在公共場所舉辦,為讓參觀的來賓知道是怎麼一回事,也達到推廣的目的,可安排一位解說員從旁說明茶會進行的方式及其意義。但仍然是對外解說的性質,而不是主持茶會的進行。

 

188.無我茶會解說稿

進度

話題

解說大要

1.

安置號碼牌

a. 活動報導

a.各位來賓,本會場將于ˍˍ時ˍˍ分舉辦一場「無我茶會」,

歡迎各位來賓參加,會中每位泡茶者都將奉茶給各位來賓。

b. 何謂無我茶會

b.無我茶會是一種茶會的形式,大家自備茶具圍成圈圈泡茶,泡完茶每人都要起來奉茶,因此每個人都可以喝到別人泡的茶。所以說無我茶會是人人泡茶、人人奉茶、人人喝茶的一種茶會形式。

c.

現場

動態

c.現在會場正在安置號碼牌。無我茶會是圍成圈圈泡茶,等一下與會者就憑抽到的號碼就坐。這是無我茶會的第一個精神:「無尊卑之分」。

本次無我茶會預計有ˍˍ人參加,所以號碼牌要圍成ˍˍ圈。

d.

留住

群眾

d.各位來賓,為能讓大家共同參與,本次無我茶會將泡茶四道,其中兩道茶要奉給參觀的來賓,請大家不要離開,等一下就可以喝到泡茶者自己帶來的各種茶(包括日本、韓國與中國……的茶)。

e.

主協辦

e.本次無我茶會名為ˍˍ無我茶會,是為(配合)ˍˍ而舉辦,由(國際無我茶協)、(與ˍˍ)主辦,ˍˍ、ˍˍ協辦(承辦),感謝協助這次茶會的單位與個人。

2.

報到

a. 抽籤

a.各位來賓,現在參加泡茶的人已陸續到來。無我茶會是以抽籤決定座位,誰會坐在誰的旁邊都不知道,這是茶道無尊卑之分的一種精神,而且隨遇而安。

b.

參加單位

b.今天參加ˍˍ無我茶會的有(都是)來自ˍˍ的茶友,(我們看到(日本)茶友已經到達會場……)。

c. 就位

c.抽完簽的茶友找到座位,把茶具擺設出來。

d. 茶器

d.各位來賓請注意他們所準備的茶器以及攜帶、包裝的方法。無我茶會是使用簡便的茶器,熱水也是用保溫瓶帶著來。另外也請大家留意,每人準備的茶器各有不同,甚至於(粉末茶)的器具也出現了,這表示無我茶會所用的茶器及泡茶法是不拘的,這也是無我茶會第二個精神:無地域與流派之分。

e.

觀摩、聯誼

e.將茶具準備妥當後,與會人員就起來看看別人帶來的茶器,並相互問候、交談,這是無我茶會「茶具觀摩與聯誼」的時間。他們利用這段時間拍照留念,等開始泡茶後,就不准起來拍照了,要拍照只有請不參與泡茶的人在圈外進行。

欣賞茶器時,如果不是主人在場、並徵得同意,規定是不能觸摸的。

3.

泡茶

a. 何時泡茶

a.「茶具觀摩與聯誼」到了快結束的時候,與會者就要回到自己座位,開始泡茶。這個進度都載明在事先發給與會者的「公告事項」內。無我茶會進行間是不設指揮與司儀的,一切都依事先的約定進行,這是無我茶會的第三項精神:「遵守公共約定」。—群人進行茶會,沒有指揮,可以讓大家體認群體律動之美。今天因為是為了讓大家知道何謂「無我茶會」,所以才設有對外解說,如果沒有我的干擾,場面一定會優雅許多。

b. 清場

b.開始泡茶後,圈內的人就要離開,圈內有人會破壞會場的完整性。拍照錄影的人也請在圈外,非要搶個鏡頭不可時,也要快快離開。

c. 清淨

c.開始泡茶後就不可以說話了,專心泡茶,奉茶時也不必說「請喝茶」,對方也不必說「謝謝」,如果碰面了,鞠個躬,笑一笑就可以。這樣寧靜的氣氛,才容易體會出茶會的美感,以及人與人間、人與物間、人與地間的互動關係。這是「無我茶會」另一項要求:「體會群體律動之美」。

d. 奉茶法

d.各位來賓,您看現在泡好茶的人要出去奉茶,每人奉茶給(左)邊三位茶友,最後一杯留給自己。這是無我茶會「同一方向奉茶」的規定。每個人都同一方向奉茶,這是一種「無所為而為」的奉茶方式,我奉茶給左邊的,但喝到的茶卻來自右邊。我們希望大家放淡「報償之心」,學習無所為而為地做一件事,這「無報償之心」也是無我茶會七大精神之一。

e. 無好惡之心

e.每個人喝到的四杯茶可能都是不一樣的茶,因為茶是由每人自己帶來。無我茶會希望每人都以超然的心情接納、欣賞這些茶,不要有好惡之心。好惡之心太重,會把很多福氣排除在外,因為你不喜歡的東西並不一定是壞東西。「無好惡之心」也是無我茶會所要推廣的茶道精神。

f. 求精進之心

f.這幾杯茶也不一定都泡得很好,可能有一杯泡得又苦又澀。這時應反省自己,是不是也把茶泡壞了,「把茶泡好」是茶道修行上最起碼的課程,否則對不起自己,對不起別人,對不起茶,因此「求精進之心」也成了無我茶會的第七大精神。

g. 第二道茶

g.今天的第二道茶要奉給參觀的來賓,大家可以品嘗到由各地(臺灣—-)茶友所沖泡的各種茶,這是和平的親善大會。用過的杯子暫時拿在手上,第四道茶還要奉茶給您。

h. 第三道茶

h.第三道茶是持茶盅出去奉茶,依然是奉給左邊原來的那三位及自己一杯。

i. 奉茶方向的變 化

i.奉茶的方向不一定非向左邊不可,也可以向右邊。奉茶的對象也不一定非相鄰的三位不可,也可以變化為二、四、六或一、三、五。只要在事前發給大家的公告事項中說明清楚即可。

j. 茶會簡史

j.無我茶會於1990年在臺灣正式推出,現在已演變成國際性的活動,中、日、韓、星、馬……等國平時已自行在國內進行,並於固定年份輪流在一個地方召開大型國際性的無我茶會。今年(明年)已是第ˍˍ屆,將於ˍˍ月在ˍˍ舉行。歡迎大家一起參加。

k. 第四道茶

k.現在是第四道茶,也是奉給參觀的貴賓,這次可能是不同的人奉給您不同的茶。茶道有項精神就是泡茶給別人喝,甚至給陌生的人喝,這項精神在無我茶會中更是突顯得清楚。

l. 來賓手上的杯子

l.各位來賓,您手上的茶慢慢喝,等一下收拾茶具時,奉茶的人會來把杯子收掉。我們不要造成大家任何的不方便,也不要造成環境任何的污染。(若是贈送的紀念性杯子,則改變說詞)

m. 空白之美的應用

m.喝完茶,無我茶會往往會安排一小段音樂欣賞,讓大家回味一下茶味、回味一下茶會的種種,這是連接在品茗後的一段空白之美,所以音樂在大家喝完最後一道茶後自然響起,沒有介紹,也無需鼓掌,音樂結束時也一樣。大家在音樂的餘音消失後,開始收拾茶具,結束茶會。(不同之品茗後活動則變更說詞,若未安排此項活動則省略)

4.品茗後

a. 品茗後活動

a.(不做解說)

b. 擦拭杯子

b.與會者收拾茶具之前,要先把自己用過的杯子擦拭一下,當然只是做初步的處理,免得別人收回時太不整潔。這是茶道處處為對方著想的精神。全套茶具回去後再行清洗。

c. 收杯子

c.與會者擦拭完杯子,出去將自己的杯子收回,(順便收回參觀者手上的杯子)。這時依舊保持安靜。

d. 收茶具

d. 他們把杯子收回後,將茶具收拾妥當。

e. 旅行用茶具

e.各位來賓,請注意泡茶的人使用的這一套旅行用茶具。大家也可以準備一套這樣的茶具,以後出國、或與家人出去旅行,就可以這樣喝茶。請大家也注意他們包紮茶具的方法,杯子用杯套套著,一壺兩杯用一條包壺巾包裹,一盅兩杯又用另一條包壺巾包著。收拾茶具的時候要有條不紊,不能到了尾聲就亂成一團。我們有句話:收拾與開場一樣重要。

f. 服務台

f.各位來賓,(無我茶會推廣協會)在各地方設有指導老師與茶道教室,每星期固定的時間在各地還有教授無我茶會的聚會,詳細資料歡迎到會場服務台索取。

g.

感謝

g.本次ˍˍ無我茶會,承蒙ˍˍ提供……,在此特表謝意。(若無需要則省略)

h.

結束

h.各位來賓,如果您對本次無我茶會有何寶貴意見歡迎提供給我們。感謝大家參與本次無我茶會,希望下次您能和我們一起泡茶。

i. 合影

i.無我茶會結束前都會安排合影留念,也藉此表達與會者依依不捨之情。各位來賓,本次無我茶會就到此結束,感謝各位來賓與我們一起共度這段美好時光。謝謝。

 

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無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony)-Chapter 13 A Brief History of Sans Self Tea Gathering-蔡荣章Rong-tsang Tsai

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony)180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN 978-957-9690-08-9,“无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering(Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony) 180” ,First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9.《无我茶会180条》,1999.9第一版,2010.9第二版.台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版.-English Translator : Katherine Yip,英语翻译:叶德明.

Chapter 13  A Brief History of Sans Self Tea Gathering

172. The Origin of Sans Self Tea Gathering

The prevailing ethos pertaining to tea in Taiwan in the 1990s gave birth to a unique form of tea gathering. The concept was initiated by Rong-tsang Tsai, then general manager of Taipei’s Lu Yu Tea Art Centre in 1989. The inaugural Sans Self Tea Gathering was held in 1990.

173. What led to the birth of Sans Self Tea Gathering?

There were both internal and external factors.  The one mentioned above was an internal factor. Meanwhile, there were two external factors.  Firstly, as was the tradition, a person would brew and serve tea to a few guests; or, a few brewers serving a larger number of guests. The problem was, this hardly reflected the spirit of the Way of Tea. There was the need to introduce a new format whereby everyone brews, serves and enjoys tea. Secondly, it was hard to effectively promote the Way of Tea because the number of participants was small. An aspiration to host a new kind of tea gathering for a larger group of people to share the Way of Tea became the catalyst behind Sans Self Tea Gathering.

174. The first-ever Sans Self Tea Gathering.

On May 26, 1990, Rong-tsang Tsai presented the draft of the ‘Sans Self Tea Gathering’ framework during the first ‘Teacher Training Course of the Way of Tea’ by Lu Yu Tea Art Centre; feedback and comments were collected from those present. At the end of the discussion, it was decided that a pilot Sans Self Tea Gathering for 12 participants would be held at the妙慧佛堂 near Lu Yu Tea Art Centre.  This was the first -ever Sans Self Tea Gathering. A review was held immediately afterwards, and the decision for a second Sans Self Tea Gathering was made. The format of Sans Self Tea Gathering was subsequently confirmed after three experimental tea gatherings.

175. The first Sans Self Tea Gathering in public

It has been the practice to have a tea gathering after the certificate presentation ceremony of ‘Assessment Examination for Lu Yu Tea Brewers’. On June 20, 1990, a Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the Guangfu Auditorium of the Zhongshan Hall in Taipei in tandem with the 13th Certificate Presentation Ceremony. There were 70 participants, comprising both veteran and new tea brewers.  The Tea Brewer Certificates were presented to the graduates by the veterans after the tea gathering. This was the first Sans Self Tea Gathering held in public.

176. The first International Sans Self Tea Gathering

Sans Self Tea Gathering was first introduced to members of the Japanese and Korean tea fraternities during one of the gatherings for the exchange of tea culture. They were bowled over by this unique form of tea gathering, and brought back writings and videos for sharing with fellow tea drinkers.  On December 18, 1990, the first International Sans Self Tea Gathering took place at the Meditation Centre of 「十方禪寺」in  Taipei.  More than 70 fellow tea drinkers from China, Japan and Korea attended the tea gathering. In the earlier days, Sans Self Tea Gathering were mostly held at  Buddhists temples or meditation centres because of the spacious environment.

177. Publications of Sans Self Tea Gathering

To promote Sans Self Tea Gathering, ‘Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony’ was launched in March 1991.  Available in Chinese, Japanese, Korean and English, it is a concise guide to the format and spirit of Sans Self Tea Gathering.

At the beginning of 1997, a set of teaching materials about Sans Self Tea Gathering was compiled to facilitate class discussion. This was essentially a set of 180 related issues observed over the years.  In early 1999, the ‘Chinese International Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Association’, in response to the need of the ‘Classes on the Way of Tea’, undertook to produce six textbooks for tea studies. ‘Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony, 180 Steps’ was selected as one of the six textbooks. It was published in September the same year, ahead of the others. This was a more comprehensive record of the ideologies and served as an ‘operational manual’ of Sans Self Tea Gathering.

In the winter of 2012, we updated ‘Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony 180’ and incorporated some conceptual interpretation. It was translated into English and renamed  《Sans Self Tea Gathering: Tea Gathering as an artistic manifestation of the Way of Tea》.

178. The First Sans Self Tea Gathering Stone Tablet at the Wuyi Mountain

At the second International Sans Self Tea Gathering held on October 17, 1991, a memorial stone tablet was erected in the courtyard of the Wuyi Mountain Villa located at the foothill of the Manting Peakt, a day before the morning event, thanks to the effort of everyone concerned, and in particular the assistance of deputy managing director Liu Caihua and director Lin Xing of the Wuyi Mountain Villa. On the front of the stone tablet was carved the subject of the event: ‘Sans Self Tea Gathering at Manting Peak’ and an inscription translated as follows: ‘On October 17, 1991, more than a hundred tea aficionados gathered together at the Manting Peak. Each person brought along his/her own tealeaves and tea ware. Seated in a circle, each participant brewed four cups of tea, and offered three of these to fellow drinkers on the left while reserving one for own consumption. This way, everyone brewed and served tea on equal standing’. On the back of the stone tablet was carved: ‘The Spirit of Sans Self Tea Gathering’ and an inscription translated as follows: ‘Seats are decided by random drawing, not seniority and status. Tea is served to the left and received from the right, without expectation of reciprocation.  Tea, regardless of its quality, is received readily. Brew the best tea possible and aspire to keep improving. The event proceeds as agreed without the need of direction for the cultivation of understanding and cooperation as a team’.

Our gratitude also goes to renowned calligrapher Huang Meifeng for the calligraphy of the tablet inscription and famous stone carver He Shuangshui  for carving it out.

179. From ‘Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Committee’ to ‘Chinese International Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Association’

During the fledgling period of its development, Sans Self Tea Gatherings were held at the Lu Yu Tea Art Centre; seminars and related activities were organized in the name of Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Committee. In August, 1994, the ‘Chinese International Sans Self Tea Gathering Promotion Association’ was established with the approval of the Taiwanese Government. It is an independent incorporated association with its registered address at the Lu Yu Tea Art Centre, where the office of the Association was located, thanks to the Lu Yu Tea Art Centre.

180. Milestones of Sans Self Tea Gathering 19892012

1990.05.26 Discussion of the draft proposal of Sans Self Tea Gathering

1990.06.02 The 1st pilot Sans Self Tea Gathering

1990.06.23 The 1st Sans Self Tea Gathering in public was held in tandem with the 13th Certificate Presentation Ceremony for Tea Brewers

1990.11.14 This unique idea was introduced to overseas tea drinkers during the ‘Purity’ Sans Self Tea Gathering held at a Buddhist Temple where 20 Chinese and Japanese tea drinkers gathered together

1990.12.18 The 1st international Sans Self Tea Gathering was held in Taiwan. Participants included Chinese, Japanese and Korean tea drinkers.

1991.03.01  ‘Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony’, a book dedicated to Sans Self Tea Gathering, was published in Chinese, Japanese, Korean and English.

1991.03.27 Sans Self Tea Gathering was incorporated into the curriculum of Lu Yu’s the Way of Tea classes from its 50th Tea Brewing Seminar onwards.

1991.05.12    70 people participated in the ‘Mother’s Day Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering held at the National Chiang Kai Shek Cultural Centre, Taipei.

1991.08.04 100 fellow tea drinkers gathered by the Lily Pond at the Taipei Botanical Garden for the ‘Lily Appreciation’ Sans Self Tea Gathering.

1991.09.08 50 tea drinkers organized a ‘Back to the Basics’ Sans Self Tea Gathering at the浩然敬老院.

1991.10.17 About 100 Chinese, Japanese and Korean tea drinkers participated in the 2nd International Sans Self Tea Gathering held at the Wuyi Mountain. A stone tablet was erected to commemorate the occasion.

1991.10.20 Members from the Taiwan delegation who had attended the 2nd International Sans Self Tea Gathering hosted a Sans Self Tea Gathering briefing at the Hong Kong Museum of Tea Ware.

1992.05.05 A briefing on Sans Self Tea Gathering was held during the 3rd Festival of Ceramics Art at Yixing.

1992.05.07 A briefing on Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the Huxin Ting, Shanghai

1992.09.20 60 people from Taipei and Kaohsiung participated in the ‘Monastery’ Sans Self Tea Gathering held at the Main Shrine of Fo Guang Shan Monastery, Kaohsiung

1992.11.09   The 3rd International Sans Self Tea Gathering took place in Japan, with one session each at Kinkaku-ji , Choan-ji  and Amanohashidate. These gatherings were attended by 200 Chinese, Japanese and Korean tea drinkers.

1993.02.06 Rong-tsang Tsai suggested using rainbow as the source of  inspiration for the design of the flag of Sans Self Tea Gathering during the ‘YuanXiao Lantern’ Sans Self Tea Gathering at the house of fellow tea drinker Liao Chunyu.

1993.10.13    The 4th International Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the Imperial Palace (Gyeongbokgung) of Korea, with 350 Chinese, Japanese and Korean tea drinkers attending the event.

1994.05.01 The Lu Yu Tea Art Centre set up the ‘Sans Self Centre’ dedicated to the training of Sans Self Tea Gathering.

1994.05.08 500 people attended the ‘Jiaxu Mother’s Day Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering at the Square of the National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall.

1994.08.10 120 international students attending the annual general meeting of the International Association of Students in Economics and Business Management participated in a Sans Self Tea Gathering Demonstration and Practice session held at Lai Lai Sheraton (now Sheraton Grande Taipei Hotel), Taipei.

1995.05.31 The Way of Tea Society of the Christ’s College in Guandu, Taipei, hosted the inaugural Tea Studies Seminar. A Sans Self Tea Gathering was held in the evening in tandem with the certificate presentation ceremony.

1995.10.27 The 5th International Sans Self Tea Gathering had two tea gatherings held at Wuyi Mountain’s scenic spots of Yun Wo and Peak Yunu respectively, each with about 200 participants.

1996.05.05    The year’s ‘Mother’s Day Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering was simultaneously held in 10 cities and towns in Taiwan, attended by more than 1,200 people.

1996.09.25 An evening Sans Self Tea Gathering attended by the Prison Warden and 50 inmates was held at the Taiwan Wuling Open Prison, Taitung. The gathering was themed ‘Celebrating the Moonlight of Wuling with Fragrant Tea’.

1997.01.12 A talk and demonstration on ‘The Organization and Spirit of Sans Self Tea Gathering’ was held at the Lecture Hall, Hong Kong Museum of Art during the Hong Kong Tea Art Competition. A 50-people Sans Self Tea Gathering was held after the session at the Tsim Sha Tsui Waterfront.

1997.01.14 30 Malaysians participated in a Sans Self Tea Gathering Workshop at the Chan She Shu Yuen (Chan Clan Temple Library) located in Jalan Petaling

1997.02  A set of teaching materials about Sans Self Tea Gathering was compiled as ‘Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony, 180 Steps’ for class discussion.

1997.03.08 Taiwan’s United Daily News published a 2/3 page story on Sans Self Tea Gathering and Tea ware on-the-go. The title was: ‘Renaissance of Chinese Tea – a world with no seniority, reciprocation and preference – Sans Self Tea Gathering expresses the Beauty in Quietude’.

1997.11.22 The 6th International Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the National Chiang Kai Shek Cultural Centre, Taipei with a thousand people attending; following which a Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the Koahsiung Chiang Kai Shek Cultural Centre on 26th November with 500 participants.

1998.03.07 The tea fraternity in Singapore hosted a multi-racial Sans Self Tea Gathering with 100 participants.

1998.05.04 The University of Peking’s Society of Oriental Tea Culture Research organized a Sans Self Tea Gathering to celebrate the university’s centennial.

1999.10.16 The 7th International Sans Self Tea Gathering, co-organized by  the Zhejiang Tea Society and the Zhejiang Association of Science and technology, was held at Hangzhou, Xincheong and Tiantai respectively.

2001.05.06    A ‘Global Mother’s Day Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering took place in 11 cities around the world; these include 8 areas in Taiwan, and Hanzhou, Italy and Singapore, among others. More than 1,000 tea drinkers celebrated Mother’s Day by participating in the dedicated Sans Self Tea Gathering.

2001.10.07   The 8th International Sans Self Tea Gathering took place in Japan with one session each in Aichi (October 7), Shizuoka (October 8) and Inasa (October 9) ; there was a total of 250 participants

2003.04       A Lu Yu Tea Art Centre was opened in Beijing. The teaching of Sans Self Tea Gathering has since been incorporated into its Tea Art Seminars.

2003.10.16   A ’Commemorative Lu Yu Sans Self Tea Gathering’ was organized at Tianmen of Hubei Province  in tandem with the seminar on Cross-Strait Lu Yu Tea Culture and Development of the Tea Industry; in addition, a ‘Cross-Strait Tea Drinkers’ Golden Autumn Sans Self Tea Gathering’ was held at the Anhui Agricultural University on October 20.

20040.05      The annual ‘Mother’s Day Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering evolved to the ‘World Tea Offering Day’. Tea drinkers the world over are invited to offer tea to family, friends and strangers during the first weekend of May through the participation in Sans Self Tea Gathering.

2004.08.21    The 9th International Sans Self Tea Gathering was held at the Marina City Park in Singapore with 500 participants.

2005.11.02    The 10th International Sans Self Tea Gathering took place at the Wuyi Mountain of Fujian Province, with one session each at the Wuyishan National Tourism Resort (November 2) and Wuyishan Town Stadium (November 3); there was a total of 300 participants.

2007.09.28    Tenfu Tea College (now Zhangzhou College of Science and Technology) was set up in Pantuo of Zhangzhou, Fujian Provice. The one-semester Sans Self Tea Gathering course was incorporated into the curriculum of its Tea Culture studies.

2007.10.13    The 11th International Sans Self Tea Gathering was organized in Korea, with one session each at the Wonkwang University, Iksan (October 13) and Changgyeongung Palace, Seoul (October 14); there was a total of 400 participants.

2009.10.18      The 12th International Sans Self Tea Gathering took place in San Francisco with the attendance of more than 100 tea drinkers from China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea and the United States.

2011.05.28      The 13th Sans Self Tea Gathering took place in Taiwan; a thousand-participant Sans Self Tea Gathering was organized at the National Chiang Kai Shek Cultural Centre, Taipei on the May 29. This was followed by the ‘Daybreak’ Sans Self Tea Gathering by the side of the Sun Moon Lake on the May 30 with 400 participants, and the ‘Dawn’ Sans Self Tea Gathering at the Amitabha Buddhist Temple, Alishan on May 31 with 300 participants.

2011.06.17      Documentation of information and reading materials related to Sans Self Tea Gathering began. Website: http://www.contemporaryteathinker.com

2012.05.27  美國拉斯維加斯茶文化學會在當地舉辦一場「沙漠甘泉無我茶會」。

2012.09.09  汶莱中华文艺联合会邀當地居民30人舉行無我茶會,馬來西亞紫藤文化企業集團茶藝學習中心主任許玉蓮前往指导。

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第十三章 無我茶會簡史-蔡荣章

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering 180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN978-957-9690-08-9 “无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering180,” First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9《无我茶会180条》1999.9第一版 2010.9第二版 台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版-English Translator : Katherine Yip英语翻译:叶德明

第十三章 無我茶會簡史

172.無我茶會的創辦

無我茶會是在臺灣一九九○年代前後的茶思想與環境下所研發出來的一種茶會形式,一九八九年由當時在臺北陸羽茶藝中心擔任總經理的蔡榮章創辦,一九九○年正式推出。

173.為什麼有無我茶會的誕生

無我茶會誕生的內在因素已如前述,外在因素有二:一是原有茶道聚會方式都是一人泡茶、數人為客品飲,或是多人泡茶,更多人為客品飲,如此無法將茶道精神充分表達,所以亟思一種人人泡茶、人人奉茶、人人喝茶的茶會方式。二是原有茶道聚會方式難能大規模舉辦,導致推廣效果受限,如何才能讓眾多人一起享用「茶道」,成了構思無我茶會的另一觸媒。

184.第一次無我茶會的舉辦

這是在一九九○年五月二十六日,蔡榮章將擬好的無我茶會綱要在陸羽茶藝中心正在舉行的第一期「陸羽茶道教室師資研習班」上唸給大家聽,並聽取大家的反應與意見,討論完畢,大家決定於下一個月的二日在離陸羽不遠的「妙慧佛堂」舉行12人的實驗性無我茶會。這是第一次無我茶會的舉辦,會後於現場即席進行檢討,並決定第二次的無我茶會。如此進行了三次實驗性無我茶會,也將茶會的架構確立了起來。

175.第一次公開舉辦的無我茶會

每次「陸羽泡茶師檢定考試」後,都會有一次頒證茶會,一九九○年六月二十三日是第13屆泡茶師頒證典禮,在臺北市中山堂的光復廳舉行,這次即以無我茶會的方式進行,新舊泡茶師70人先進行一場無我茶會,會後舉行頒證,由舊泡茶師分別將「泡茶師證書」頒發給新泡茶師。這是無我茶會的第一次公開舉辦。

176.第一次國際無我茶會

利用茶文化交流的機會把無我茶會介紹給日、韓茶界友人,很快地他們也愛上了這樣的茶會方式,於是利用文字、影帶讓他們帶回去教給其他的茶友。1990年12月18日就在「十方禪寺」的臺北市禪修道場舉辦了第一次國際無我茶會,共有中、日、韓七十余位茶友參加。由於佛堂或禪修道場比較容易有廣大的室內空間,所以初期常以之為無我茶會舉辦的場所。

177.無我茶會專書的出版

為便於大家推動無我茶會,乃於1991年3月出版中、日、韓、英四種語文的《無我茶會》專書,簡單、扼要地介紹無我茶會的做法及其精神。

到了1997年初,為了教學上的需要,將這些年來遇到的問題整理成了180條綱要,作為課堂上研討的依據。1999年初,「中華國際無我茶會推廣協會」應各茶道教室的要求,決定編印六本茶學基本教材,討論的結果,將《無我茶會180條》列為這六本基本教材之一,並率先於同年9月出版。這是無我茶會較為完整的思想記錄與實踐手冊。

2012年冬,《無我茶會180條》完成了一些理念性詮釋的增補,並譯成了英文,於是以《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering—茶人的茶會作品》为名再行出版。

178.第一座無我茶會紀念碑在武夷山

1991年10月17日上午,第二屆國際無我茶會在中國東南的福建省武夷山幔亭峰舉行。會前經大家的努力,尤其是「武夷山莊」劉彩華副總經理與林馨主任的協助,在幔亭峰下的武夷山莊庭園內設置石碑一座,正面刻上「幔亭無我茶會記」,文曰:「一九九一年十月十七日,百餘位來自各方的茶人聚集幔亭峰頂,各自攜帶茶葉茶具圍成一圈,每人泡茶四杯,三杯奉給左邊三位茶友,一杯留給自己,人人泡茶,人人奉茶,不分彼此,天下一家。」背面刻上「無我茶會之精神」,文曰:「座位由抽籤決定,無尊卑之分;奉茶到左,飲茶自右,無報償之心;超然接納四方之茶,無好惡之心;盡力將茶泡好,以求精進之心;依計畫行事,遵守公共約定,無需指揮,培養團體默契。」

感謝名書法家黃美豐先生為我們書寫碑文,名石雕師何雙水先生為我們雕刻,以及贊助經費的諸位茶友們。

179.從「無我茶會推廣委員會」到「中華國際無我茶會推廣協會」

無我茶會創辦後,除以陸羽茶藝中心為基地,使其逐漸成熟外,並以「無我茶會推廣委員會」的組織對外舉辦各項講習與活動。到了1994年8月,經臺灣政府核准立案,成立「中華國際無我茶會推廣協會」,組織成自主性的社團法人。會址設置于陸羽茶藝中心,辦公室也由陸羽茶藝中心撥用。

180.無我茶會大事年表(19902012

1990.05.26 無我茶會初稿研討。

1990.06.02 第一次實驗性無我茶會。

1990.06.23 十三屆泡茶師頒證典禮以無我茶會方式在臺北舉行,為無我茶會首次對外公開舉辦。

1990.11.14 中日茶友20名於妙慧佛堂舉行「清淨無我茶會」,為無我茶會首次向國外茶友介紹。

1990.12.18 中、日、韓70位茶友在臺北市十方禪寺舉行首屆國際無我茶會,由創辦人蔡榮章召集。

1991.03.01 中、日、韓、英四種語文之「無我茶會」專書出版。

1991.03.27 台北陸羽茶道教室從第50期「泡茶講座」起,加入無我茶會課程。

1991.05.12 「母親節親子無我茶會」在臺北中正文化中心舉辦,70人與會。

1991.08.04 百位茶友在臺北植物園的荷花池畔舉行「觀蓮節賞荷無我茶會」。

1991.09.08 50位茶友在浩然敬老院舉行「返璞歸真無我茶會」。

1991.10.17 中日韓百位茶友在武夷山幔亭峰舉辦「第二屆國際無我茶會」,由武夷山市茶葉學會會長姚月明召集,並立碑紀念。

1991.10.20 參加第二屆國際無我茶會的臺灣團員在香港茶具文物館舉辦無我茶會說明會。

1992.05.05 在宜興第三屆陶瓷藝術節上舉行無我茶會說明會。

1992.05.07 在上海湖心亭舉辦無我茶會說明會。

1992.09.20 臺北、高雄兩地60位茶友在高雄佛光山大雄寶殿舉辦「佛堂無我茶會」。

1992.11.09 「第三屆國際無我茶會」,中日韓200位茶友在日本金閣寺、長安寺、天橋立舉辦三場無我茶會。由煎茶道賣茶真流家元正木義完召集。

1993.02.06 在茶友廖純瑜家舉辦的元宵花燈無我茶會中,創辦人蔡榮章提出以彩虹為無我茶會會旗的構想。

1993.10.13 「第四屆國際無我茶會」於韓國景福宮廣場舉行。中日韓茶友350人與會。由韓國國際茶文化交流協會會長釋龍雲召集。

1994.05.01 陸羽茶藝中心開闢「無我道場」,作為訓練無我茶會的場地。

1994.05.08 五百人「甲戌母親節親子無我茶會」在臺北中正紀念堂廣場舉行。

1994.08.10 國際經濟商管學生會亞太地區年會120位各國學生代表在臺北來來大飯店舉行一場無我茶會的講習。

1995.05.31 臺灣關渡基督書院茶道社完成首期茶學講座,當晚舉行頒證無我茶會。

1995.10.27 第五屆國際無我茶會在武夷山召開,由武夷山市茶葉學會會長趙大炎召集。分別於「雲窩」(27日)與「玉女峰」下(28日)舉行兩場無我茶會,各二百人參加。

1996.05.05 這年母親節親子無我茶會分別在臺灣十個城鎮同步舉行,共有一千二百多人參加。

1996.09.25 臺灣台東武陵外役監舉辦「茶香飄武陵,邀月共飲之」的夜晚無我茶會,典獄長與五十位受刑人一同參加。

1997.01.12 香港茶藝大賽中,於藝術館演講廳舉辦一場「無我茶會之舉辦與精神所在」的演講與示範,隨後在尖沙咀海邊舉行50人的無我茶會。

1997.01.14 於馬來西亞吉隆坡茨廠街的陳氏書院舉辦「無我茶會研習營」,30位當地茶友參加。

1997.02  將歷年來發現的問題整理成《無我茶會180條》題綱,作為教學依據。

1997.03.08 臺灣聯合晚報以三分之二版面介紹無我茶會及旅行用茶具,標題為「中國茶文藝復興——無尊卑無報償無好惡……無我茶會開展茶文化沉靜之美」。

1997.11.22 「第六屆國際無我茶會」在臺灣举行,由中華國際無我茶會推廣協會理事長涂國瑞召集。先是臺北中正文化中心的千人無我茶會,26日并在高雄中正文化中心舉辦五百人夜晚無我茶會。

1998.00.00  法國茶文化協會在巴黎百貨公司舉辦無我茶會。

1998.03.07 新加坡茶界聯合當地各族群舉辦了一場跨種族的百人無我茶會。

1998.05.04 北京大學東方茶文化研究會於北大百年校慶時,在校園舉辦了一場無我茶會。

1999.10.16 第七屆國際無我茶會在杭州、新昌、天臺舉行,由浙江省茶葉學會與浙江省科學技術協會聯合主辦。

2000.10.22  義大利威尼斯大學講師Mr.Livio Zanini在Lake Garda湖濱舉行無我茶會,中華國際無我茶會推廣協會理事長陳光偉組團參加。

2001.05.06  「全球母親節親子無我茶會」於全球11個城市同步舉行,包括臺灣八個地區,以及杭州、義大利、新加坡等地,計有一千多位茶友以無我茶會方式向母親奉茶致敬。

2001.10.07  第八屆國際無我茶會於日本召開,由煎茶道賣茶真流家元正木義完召集。分別於愛知縣(7日)、靜岡(8日)、引左町(9日)三地舉辦一場無我茶會,各約250位茶友參加。

2003.04.00  北京陸羽茶藝中心成立,無我茶會的課程在基礎班的「茶藝講座」中設置。

2003.10.16  海峽兩岸陸羽茶文化與茶產業發展研討會於湖北天門市舉行「陸羽獻茶無我茶會」,20日並於安徽農業大學舉辦一場「海峽兩岸茶人金秋無我茶會」。

2004.05.00  擴大每年五月的母親節親子無我茶會為「世界奉茶日」,邀請各地的茶友在每年五月的第一個週末,共同以無我茶會等形式,奉茶給周遭的親友與不認識的人。

2004.08.21  第九屆國際無我茶會於新加坡召開,由新加坡留香茶藝創辦人李自強召集。假濱海城公園舉辦一場五百人無我茶會。

2005.11.02  第十屆國際無我茶會於福建武夷山召開,由武夷山市人民政府召集。於武夷山國家旅遊度假區(2日)暨武夷山市體育館(3日)舉行二場無我茶會,各三百人與會。

2007.09.28  「天福茶學院」(後更名為漳州科技學院)於福建省漳州市盤陀鎮成立,其中「茶文化系」設置了為期一學年的「無我茶會」課程。

2007.10.13  第十一屆國際無我茶會於韓國召開,由韓國國際茶文化交流協力財團總裁李真秀召集。分別於益山圓光大學(13日)、首爾昌慶宮(14日)舉行兩場無我茶會,各約四百位茶友參加。

2009.10.18  第十二屆國際無我茶會於美國三藩市召開,由全美茶文化学會會長林烱志召集。共有來自中國大陸、臺灣、日本、韓國等地及美國當地的茶友一百多人參加。

2010.01.10  馬來西亞紫藤文化企業集團於吉隆玻本部舉行迎春無我茶會,由茶藝學習中心主任許玉蓮召集。

2011.05.22  英國倫敦Teanamu Chaya Teahouse的Mr. Peisiong Wang在Holland Park召開無我茶會。

2011.05.28  第十三屆國際無我茶會在臺灣召開,由中華國際無我茶會推廣協會理事長王春樹召集。29日是臺北中正文化中心的千人無我茶會,30日是日月潭畔的四百人清晨無我茶會,31日是阿里山彌陀禪寺的三百人晨曦無我茶會。

2011.06.17  開始將無我茶會相關資料收錄於http://www.contemporaryteathinker.com

2012.05.27  美國拉斯維加斯茶文化學會在當地舉辦一場「沙漠甘泉無我茶會」。

2012.09.09  汶莱中华文艺联合会邀當地居民30人舉行無我茶會,馬來西亞紫藤文化企業集團茶藝學習中心主任許玉蓮前往指导。 (2028)

第十二章 無我茶會的推廣-蔡荣章

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering 180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN978-957-9690-08-9 “无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering180,” First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9《无我茶会180条》1999.9第一版 2010.9第二版 台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版-English Translator : Katherine Yip英语翻译:叶德明

第十二章 無我茶會的推廣

156.「無我茶會」推廣工作如何進行

為推廣無我茶會,臺灣的「中華國際無我茶會推廣協會」在各地設置有「無我茶會指導老師」與「茶道老師」,從事定點與非定點式的教育與訓練。並鼓勵茶道老師進而設置定點的「茶道教室」,有計劃地開班授課,除了無我茶會的課程外,還可以延伸至其他茶學領域。

157.將無我茶會列入茶道教育課程

隨著無我茶會的普遍推展,無我茶會已逐漸被列入各茶道教育的課程之中,無我茶會的舉辦也自行在世界各地進行。這本《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering—茶人的茶會作品》即為無我茶會的基本教材。

158.「無我茶會道場」的設置

我們希望「無我茶會道場」在各地方設置,作為茶友們定期舉辦無我茶會的場所,每週固定時間都有一場無我茶會,茶會前後是大家聯誼的時間。定期無我茶會之外的時間則作為無我茶會演練場所,並可從事其他茶學教育。

159.無我茶會茶具完整性的重要

無我茶會的茶具並沒有要求一定的款式,所以每人不難湊出一套可用的茶具,但在初學階段,一套完整好用的茶具是很重要的,一方面引起興趣,二方面在信心建立後比較願意花心思去購置必需的設備。

所以各訓練單位不妨預備一、二十套無我茶會的茶具供初學者練習時使用,但規定在一定階段後就必須自己購置。

160.無我茶會的機動性與擴充性

無我茶會鼓勵席地而坐,所以無需桌椅,茶具、坐墊、開水都是每人自備,不論室內外,不論國內外,到處可以舉辦,是機動性很強的一種茶會形式。

無我茶會無需指揮,所以隊形拉得多長多遠皆無所謂,甚至於中間被一棟建築或一座小山擋住也無妨,人數可以無限制地擴充。無我茶會還可以奉茶給圍觀的人,一百人泡茶、每人奉四杯茶給圍觀的人,就有四百個圍觀的人可以喝到茶;若每人奉八杯茶(分二次)給圍觀的人,就有八百個圍觀的人可以喝到茶。這個時段若設有解說員從旁解說,很容易地就可以讓那麼多圍觀的人瞭解何謂「無我茶會」、何謂「茶道」。所以說無我茶會是擴充性、傳播力很強的一種茶會形式。

161.如何使無我茶會的風格與特性凸顯出來

一開始推動時,就要將無我茶會的幾項特殊做法,如開始泡茶後不准說話,不設貴賓致詞等徹底表現出來,否則大家不容易體會到無我茶會的獨特風格。例如推廣初期,有個單位不敢徹底要求,怕茶友們認為太嚴肅,就允許大家聊天,並且一邊喝茶一邊吃零食,結果大家覺得與一般茶友的聚會沒有什麼兩樣,還是聊聊天、吃吃東西,只不過是圍成一圈席地而坐罷了,以後也就不了了之。

要有效地推動無我茶會,就要徹底瞭解無我茶會的諸多特殊做法與其意義,如此才有勇氣徹底執行,也才能夠說服參加者及配合各項活動的人們。例如聯合主辦的其中一個單位要求泡茶之前讓他們的主管說幾分鐘的話,您如何說服他那是不適當的。例如您邀請於品茗後從事音樂演奏的音樂家,認為五分鐘太短了,而且要求做番介紹,您如何將「為什麼如此安排」的道理完善地表達出來,這些都是推動無我茶會很重要的準備工作。

162.無我茶會為什麼不設貴賓席與長官致詞的時間

無我茶會不在圍成圈圈的座位上設置貴賓席供地方知名人士或長官就坐,也不在圈外或圈內設置這樣的席位。我們歡迎地方人士與長官與大家一起抽籤泡茶,而且這樣所顯現的效果絕不輸給「一旁就坐」。如果他們無法一起泡茶,但有心瞭解或鼓勵這樣的茶會,我們歡迎,但請他們與其他圍觀者一樣,站在圈外觀看或接受奉茶。

同樣道理,在茶會間安排長官致詞,不但與無我茶會的風格不一致,而且效果也沒有讓這位長官一起泡茶、奉茶的好。依過去的經驗,只要有耐心地將無我茶會的做法及其意義說明給這位長官瞭解,他都同意改致詞為參與泡茶。如果另外需要傳達一些訊息,可以在會後全體合影的時候撥出一點時間給他,或在茶會之後,另外為他安排一場「會後活動」。

163.無我茶會進行間為什麼不放音樂

無我茶會進行間,從報到到收拾茶具、結束茶會,是不播放音樂或有人從旁演奏音樂的,因為這樣做徒然減弱茶會的「茶味」,也無益於音樂欣賞。有人認為若播放音樂相襯,氣氛會更好,但事實上,是部分心情與部分注意力轉移到音樂上去而已,若是一首大家熟悉的樂曲,更是厲害;如果沒有了音樂,大家的精神全神貫注在茶上、泡茶上、人我關係上、茶會的精神上,無我茶會的風格會更加凸顯,人們被茶道感染的效果會更加強烈。

與音樂的搭配是放在喝完最後一道茶的「空白之美」上,這時大家放下一切,專心聆聽音樂,回憶茶味。如果尚需要增加音樂欣賞的時間,可在茶會結束後作為「會後活動」來安排。

164.「品茗後活動」演出人員最好也是參加無我茶會的人

無我茶會舉辦起來要很輕鬆、自然才好,儘量將行政工作化為無形。所以無所謂專任的工作人員,一切工作都由參加茶會的茶友來分擔(除了攝錄影等特殊的任務)。基於這項理念,品茗後活動的演出最好也是由參加茶會的茶友擔任。泡完茶,就在原地或移動到鄰座放樂器的地方,或高歌,或演奏一段樂曲。這樣的安排,其空白之美的效果最容易掌握,因為演出的人就是喝茶的人。

165.推廣性無我茶會的舉辦

如果只是一群朋友相聚,找個寧靜的地方舉辦茶會便罷,如果為讓更多的人知道,並進而能一起參與無我茶會,那就要找個有眾多人群的公共場所舉辦。推廣性無我茶會必須設有解說人員,否則圍觀的人看不懂這群人在做些什麼,若能同時奉茶給圍觀的人,更能將大家融成一體。

設有對外解說的無我茶會,最好能提供大家一分書面資料,上面有無我茶會簡介,並告訴大家什麼地方可以學習到這樣的茶道知識。若能在茶會之後舉辦一場練習性無我茶會則效果更佳,方法是公開徵求願意參與練習的人,有多少人參加,無我茶會的茶友就多少人當指導老師,一個搭配一個,將全套茶具借給新人使用。解說員一面解說,練習的人即一面操作,指導老師從旁協助。由於有茶具,而且剛才方看過、聽過一次,這樣學習的效果會很好。只不過事先要有所準備,如要求大家多帶一支熱水瓶(或現場可以補充熱水)、多帶一份杯子(或統一以紙杯代替)、茶葉多放一些入壺(繼續沖泡原來的茶葉即可,若茶葉多放一些,練習時還可以繼續使用)等。

166.無我茶會在其他場合的應用

無我茶會除了作為大家以茶會友的一種聚會方式外,尚可在下列場合中使用:

a.茶道教學中,作為「各種茶之認識」的教學方法。例如每四個人一組,每人帶老師事先約定的一種茶,奉茶時改為每組四人以無我茶會的方式輪流供茶。這樣每人就可以喝到、認識到四種茶。

b.茶道教學中,作為“泡茶練習”的方式之一。例如統一帶某種茶,或由老師統一提供茶葉,依無我茶會標準方式奉茶。這樣每人就可以喝到、體會到泡得好或壞的四杯茶(假設每人泡四杯)。

c.以無我茶會作為訂婚或結婚的方式。「茶具觀摩與聯誼」的時間改為訂婚或結婚的儀式,然後新人與茶友一起泡茶,新娘新郎奉茶給對方父母,其他的人依無我茶會事先的約定奉茶(新娘新郎的位子視為不泡茶者),「奉茶給圍觀來賓」時則是奉茶給其他參加典禮的親友。品茗後活動可以改為親友合唱團的禮贊,茶會結束後進行餐會(或逕行結束)。無我茶會的許多理念是可以應用到婚姻生活中的,以無我茶會作為婚姻的儀式有其積極意義。

d.以無我茶會作為紀念某人的方式。這時的「茶具觀摩與聯誼」時間可以改為「紀念事項的陳述」,接著第一道首杯全奉給所要追念的人,以後才奉給圈內的茶友或其他參加追念的人,品茗後活動可以改為追念性的吟詩或合唱。這種紀念方式讓大家與所追憶的人共飲一杯茶,此種「一飲同心」的體會將使紀念活動更為感人。

167.「無我茶會」的英、日、韓譯

在中、日、韓三種語文裡,「無我茶會」都可以通用,大家也都看得懂,在英文裡,最早譯為Anatman Tea Convention, 後改為音譯的Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony, 2012年春,我們決定將無我茶會的英譯定為“Sans Self Tea Gathering”。 茶會的意義著重於對“無”的體悟,無我應被解釋為“懂得無的我”。sans 一詞取自於莎士比亞劇作《皆大歡喜》,原為法文,是“無”的意思,gathering取其聚會之意,這樣比較接近創建者對“無我茶會”的詮釋。

168.什麼是「無我茶會」的國際組織

無我茶會由茶友在各國與各地推展,並定期在某個國家或地區輪流舉辦大型的「國際無我茶會」,承接國或地區的無我茶會組織即為主辦單位。每屆國際無我茶會的領隊會議就是無我茶會的國際組織,討論有關推展事宜,並決定下屆承辦的單位。

169.無我茶會需要統一的會旗與會歌嗎

無我茶會在創辦時設有會旗與會歌,也有些國家與地區延用,但沒有將之設定為統一的會旗與會歌,因為那並不是很重要的。

170.「無我茶會」的字面意義是什麼

「無我茶會」是一種茶道思想、一種茶會形式的名稱,無我應被解釋為〝懂得無的我〞。「無」中才可以生「有」,心中充滿了財富、名譽、地位、美麗與忙碌,幸福無從產生。無我的無也不是白癡、不是死亡,而是有如光線的無,乃由七彩融合而成,紛雜的生命色彩藉「茶」將之純化為無。

171.一人到千萬人的無我茶會

無我茶會是從一人獨飲演化而來。一人中規中矩地泡茶,然後一人獨自品飲,由於沒有他人的干擾,最易體會茶味,最易瞭解泡茶過程、泡茶心情之影響茶味,最易讓自己安定下來,最易看清楚自己。所以我們鼓勵大家獨飲,甚至於認為獨飲是茶道之始。

當您能掌握自己一人獨飲的狀況後,再邀請您最親密的朋友一起「二人獨飲」,兩人靜靜泡茶,泡好茶,我給你一杯、你給我一杯。從靜靜地泡茶、奉茶、喝茶間,逐漸加深彼此的交流,由於降低了其他的干擾,彼此會看得更清楚、體會得更多,而且學會與別人一起安靜。熟悉了兩人的「無我」,開始邀集三五好友,將這種喝茶方式介紹給他們,與他們一起練習「空寂」之下的茶道,也學習多人之下的寧靜與自在,就這樣逐漸增加人數,直到千萬人。

 

  (1856)

無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony-Chapter 11 Pre-event Preparation and Things that Matter to the Organizer -蔡荣章Rong-tsang Tsai

《無我茶會Sans Self Tea Gathering (Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony)180條》

蔡荣章著Author:Rong-tsang Tsai

ISBN 978-957-9690-08-9,“无我茶会Sans Self Tea Gathering(Wu-Wo Tea Ceremony) 180” ,First edition: 1999.9, Second edition: 2010.9.《无我茶会180条》,1999.9第一版,2010.9第二版.台北陆羽茶艺股份有限公司.2012.05.20修订版.-English Translator : Katherine Yip,英语翻译:叶德明.

Chapter 11 Pre-event Preparation and Things that Matter to the Organizer 蔡荣章Rong-tsang Tsai

144. The opportune time for a Sans Self Tea Gathering

  1. For Learning:  As a channel for those who want to familiarize themselves with the Way of Tea.
  2. For Personal Improvement: As an invaluable opportunity for the betterment of oneself.
  3. For Highlighting Seasonal Changes: As a reminder of the changes in nature in tune with the seasonal cycle, e.g. when maple leaves turn red, when snow falls deep in the night, when plum blossoms are in full bloom….
  4. For Celebration: As a form of celebration, be it wedding anniversary, special anniversaries, career promotion, windfall, and any other occasions that call for celebration.
  5. For Commemoration:  As an occasion dedicated to a special day; to bid farewell or to pay tribute to someone.
  6. For Promotion: As a great platform to introduce the idea of Sans Self Tea Gathering and encourage more people to join.

145. How should we name a Sans Self Tea Gathering

With the exception of Sans Self Tea Gatherings organized for the sake of practice, each gathering could be given a name for easy reference and a clear focus on the theme. It should reflect the objective – for example, ‘New Leaves of Spring” Sans Self Tea Gathering held in a budding beech-maple forest as a reminder of the arrival of spring; ‘Breaking Dawn’ Sans Self Tea Gathering for sharing the experience of a moment at daybreak; or ‘Familial Bonding’ Sans Self Tea Gathering held on Mother’s Day to reiterate the strong tie between parents and children.

146. Reconnaissance

It is important for the Organizer to carry out a field visit before or after decision is made on the venue. This will shed light on the following:

a. How many people can the place accommodate? What kind of seating plan should be adopted? How flexible it is with regard to the number of seats?

b. Contingency plan for rainy day or bad weather

c. Routes, aisles and registration counter on site

d. Position of the audio console and amplifiers and sound effect, if required

e. Arrangement for the arrival of participants and parking

f. Facilities including lavatories

g. Movement and traffic of non-participants and possible crowd interruption

h. Control of lighting for evening event

i. Location for post-event group photo session

j. What kind of ‘Post-event Activities’ can be lined up?

k. How large should the signage be? Is it necessary to prepare some directional signs for the venue?

147.  Which tasks are to be handled by specific personnel during the preparation and when the tea gathering is in progress?

The ‘Task List’ featured in the ‘Notification’ ensures that the persons involved are aware of their respective tasks and their contribution to successful event organization acknowledged. This ‘simplified’ way of announcement does away with separate notification and printing materials.

The ‘Task List’ details the tasks before and during a Sans Self Tea Gathering, and those responsible for these tasks. The list would include: The Organizer, the Convener, Venue Committee (which handles seat arrangement, seat number plates, seating plans, directional signs and audio setup, etc); General Affairs Committee (which is responsible for signing-in, time-synchronizing, drawing of lots, distributing tea cups for onlooking guests and stamping of passbook, etc); Networking Committee (which helps participants get to know each other and welcomes members of the media); Social Committee (which takes care accommodation, dining, transportation and health concerns of participants, especially overseas participants, as well as taking charge of on-site order and security); Record Committee (which is in charge of video filming, photography and recording of the Tea Gathering); Post-tea Activities Committee (which organizes post-tea activities);and Post-event Activities Committee (which is responsible for the arrangement of post-event photo session and post-event activities).

148. Who are the members of the Organizing Committees?

It would be ideal to have participants helping out. This way, they can move on to brew tea with the others when their tasks are completed.  However, large-scale Sans Self Tea Gatherings would require video recording crew and photographers.  It may also call for a dedicated service desk to attend to urgent matters throughout the event, or security personnel keeping order at the venue.  In these cases, it is necessary to hire professional assistance.

149. How to inform participants of the procedure of the tea gathering (preparation of the ‘Notification’)

Prior to a Sans Self Tea Gathering, each participant will receive a ’Notification’. Besides the ‘Task List’, the ’Notification’ also specifies the following: name (theme) of the tea gathering, date and time, venue, number of participants, matters pertaining to brewing  (including number of cups to be served, number of teas to be brewed and rounds of brewing), serving method (including the parties to be served, and whether onlookers are to be served), seating arrangement, post-event activities, procedure of the tea gathering and the contingency plans for rain and wet weather.

The procedure should specify both the ‘time’ and ‘procedure’, including the starting time of venue set up, participants signing-in, tea ware appreciation and networking session, brewing, post-tea activities, packing up, group photo session, post-event activities as well as the end of the post-event activities.

Inclusion of the name of companies, organizations or political parties; occasion; trade name of teas and the tea production areas in the name of Sans Self Tea Gatherings is considered inappropriate. The same goes with tea gatherings dedicated to a particular type of tea. The exception would be tea gatherings held in memory of or as a tribute to a person. This is to ensure that the tea gatherings would not be abused and turned into advertising time.

In principle, there should not be any restrictions with regard to the choice of tealeaves, unless for special reasons, such as for commemorative tea gatherings. In such cases, non-commercialized names such as ‘non-fermented teas’ or ‘post-fermented teas’ could be included in the name of the gathering.

As for ‘other agreed-upon matters’, there should not be any restrictions on the tea ware and brewing method, as well as particular style of clothing.

  Sans Self Tea Gathering: Notification                                                              No:

Name of the Tea Gathering

Date and Time

Venue

Venue                      (for rainy weather)

No. of participants

No. of types of tea

Number of cups

No. of brews for each tea

Serving method

Other agreed-upon matters

Post-tea activities

Post-event activities

Procedure

Task list

Venue set-up begins

The Organizer

Participants registration and seating allocation begins

The Convener

Followed by

‘Tea ware and networking’ session begins

Venue Committee

Brewing begins

Signing-in Committee

After the last brew has been taken ’Post-tea’ activities begin

Lot Drawing Committee

Followed by

Packing up

Networking Committee

Followed by

Group photo session

Social Committee

’Post-event’ activities begin

Record Committee

’Post-event’ activities end

Post-tea Activities Committee

Post-event Activities Committee

‘Pre-event briefing and tea-brewing practice’

Date, time, venue and instructor

Person in Charge

Telephone No.

E-mail

(Contact information of The Organizer)

150. How could we explain to participants the spirit and procedure of the tea gathering (Organizing the ‘Pre-event Briefing’)

Enabling participants to fully understand the spirit and procedure is a prerequisite to a successful Sans Self Tea Gathering. Information about Sans Self Tea Gathering may have been imparted during tea culture classes; however, it is absolutely necessary to host a ‘Pre-event Briefing’ for first-time participants. While the participating groups may brief their members, dedicated briefings could also be put together by the Organizer.  Such ‘Pre-event Briefings’ should be clearly stated in the ‘Notification’, along with details of the date, time, venue and instructor.

It will be best if demonstration and practice could be arranged besides verbal presentation during the Pre-event Briefing.  Tea ware could be brought along by the participants attending the training, or provided by the party responsible for the training.  However, participants must bring along their own tea ware when they attend the Sans Self Tea Gathering, after which they can use the tea ware in their daily lives.

151. How to make sure preparation is in place before the tea gathering? (The use of ‘Task Checklist’)

Prepare a checklist with details of each task for pre-event preparation to avoid  oversight.

         Sans Self Tea Gathering: Task Checklist

NO.          Description           Remarks  Checked

1

Venue Planning

2

Notification (including details of each task)

3

Pre-event Briefing

4

Audio Equipment

5

Signage (name of the tea gathering, directional signs, etc)

6

Number of Participants and Seat Control (projection of absentees)

7

Seating and Serving non-brewing participants

8

Seat Number Plates

9

Venue Boundary Markers

10

Seating Plan

11

Sign-in Book at the Registration Counter

12

Paper Strips for seat numbers and signing

13

Time Synchronizing Tools

14

Identification Tags

15

Venue Coordination

16

Guest Reception and Social Networking

17

Post-tea Activities

18

Post-event Activities

19

Post-event Venue Clear-up

20

Announcement and Briefing at the Group Photo Session

21

Contingency Measures for rainy weather

22

Cup Position Indication Plan for a commemorative Sans Self Tea Gathering

23

Cups for the Onlookers

24

Distribution of Promotional Leaflets

25

Coordination with the Presenter

26

Keeping Order at the Venue

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

 

152. Record of the Tea Gathering

Compile a record of the Sans Self Tea Gathering for each ‘Organizer’. Each record should include basic information about the tea gathering, registry, key photos or video recording.

Revise, amend and make addition to the original ‘Notification’ to come up with the basic information about the tea gathering.  Affix the signed strips of paper in a book according to the order of the numbers to produce a registry.

153. How to control the number of participants

The Organizer should have kept a detail record of each participant’s name, organization and contact telephone number, regardless of the fact the person registers on his own, or as part of a group. A rough estimate on the number of participants does not suffice. Furthermore, information of participants will have to be verified one by one when the date of the tea gathering draws near. Identification tags, if used, can be issued to the individuals once the personal information is confirmed to alleviate the workload at the registration counter on the day of the tea gathering.

If participants have to pay to attend the tea gathering, try to collect the fees prior to the tea gathering when they sign up, and issue identification tags accordingly when payment is made. The Organizer must think of a way to make it convenient for participants to make payment beforehand; payment on the spot is not only likely to cause delay but also makes it hard for the Organizer to control the number of participants.

154. How much time should be allocated to each step of the procedure?

Time allocated for signing in depends on the number of participants and tasks involved. A large gathering would require more time (in this case, the Organizer may consider setting up a few lot drawing stations). A paid event with an extensive task list and accommodates on-the-spot registration (whereby participants did not sign up before the day) will naturally call for longer time; all the more if cups for onlookers are to be distributed to the participants when they sign in. As such, time allocated for signing-in needs to be adjusted accordingly. Nevertheless, try to finish it within half an hour even if it is a tea gathering with a thousand participants – otherwise, the entire tea gathering may seem to drag on too long.

For the duration for the ‘Tea ware Appreciation and Networking’ session, the Organizer may want to consider the number of participants and if they know each other well.  If the group is small, and degree of familiarity high, it does not require a long time – 20 minutes or less for not more than 50 people is about right. If participants are not familiar with each other, and come from different countries or regions, the duration may be extended to 30 minutes. However, if there are hundreds of participants from overseas, it is not practical to calculate the allocated time on this basis as appreciating tea ware alone may take up a lot of time. Try to limit the duration to 50 minutes to avoid having the tea gathering last for too long.  For a tea gathering with 20 to 30 friends who get together often, a 10-minute session is good enough; ‘sitting quietly’ for a few minutes could be an alternative.

For a tea gathering serving three rounds of tea, 20 minutes would be enough for brewing and serving. This could be extended to 30 minutes if the gathering serves four rounds of tea, two each to onlooking guests and fellow participants.  The environment rather than the ‘number of people’ is a major factor in this case.  For example, it will require a longer duration if the tea gathering takes place at a scenic spot with more space in between seats; by the same token, the duration could be shortened if the tea gathering is held indoors in a small, enclosed venue.

Five minutes could be the norm for the duration of ‘Post-tea activities’ regardless of the number of participants – a duration any longer than this may undermine the impact of the ‘beauty of the void’ after tea is served and taken.

For a tea gathering with no more than 50 participants, allocate five minutes for packing up. Make it ten minutes if there are more than a hundred participants.

All in all, a Sans Self Tea Gathering should be over in an hour regardless of the number of participants. We do not encourage one that drags on – for an exceptionally large-scale event, it should not exceed two hours.

155. How to identify participants of a Sans Self Tea Gathering?

Identification is not a cause for concern among a small group of friends meeting up for a Sans Self Tea Gathering.  However, it becomes a reason to worry if the tea gathering is meant for a large crowd, or participants unfamiliar with each other. Use identification tags which have the added benefits of breaking the ice among strangers.

  (2070)

不再迷思紫砂壶的运用与保养-20130826周一喝茶慢-许玉莲

不再迷思紫砂壶的运用与保养

许玉莲

20130826周一喝茶慢MONDAY SLOW TEA

(一)泡茶的壶最美

喜欢那些紫砂一厂壶,双手握着把玩特别舒服,触觉肌理有柔软感,不是硬梆梆的。十多年前我们收了一支提壁壶,用来冲泡普洱,普洱是自己调配的,以渥堆普洱饼茶做基料,加少许下关青沱茶,投茶进壶倒热水,马上感觉到壶体袅袅冒热气,一下一下仿如做吐纳练功,看着它我们自然而然安静地等待茶浸泡。

伴着我们一起泡茶喝茶约半年后,最初未用时貌似粗糙石头的提壁壶,已悄然变得像块玉那么温润的样子了,它壶体的颗粒因有亮泽而均匀凸现,水色流丽,褐泥中常夹杂着飘忽不定的一抹银紫色,轻轻地触动了我们心灵特别柔软的那一瓣,叫做美。

(二)和壶做朋友

我们一直使用一支一厂的掇球壶冲泡熟火乌龙茶,是红泥壶,但隐隐然乏黄色,泡茶久了,色泽变为更深沉的红,润亮。它烧结程度很高,传热也快,我们喜欢它泡出的茶汤风格:香味清醇高扬。

我们一直说:不要为养壶而买壶、为养壶而泡茶。一支壶只收藏着放在那边,没有人给它茶喝,没有人抚摸它、珍惜它,它永远就是一个物件而已。即使有用到它来泡茶,但中心点没有放在喝茶,那支茶壶也是不会有生命力和吸引力的。

茶壶是为喝茶而生的,把茶壶带回家后,我们要关心一下各茶壶的材质、烧造工艺、造型等身世来历,花些时间和它们做朋友,我们就会发现每一个壶都有适合它性质的茶。

(三)新紫砂壶使用方法

一.用清水将壶身内外冲洗干净,以一块干净软布协助清理。洗涤好了即可开始泡茶用。

二.有些壶需要浸洗的话,将热开水倒入一容器,放一点茶叶入水,把壶和壶盖分开泡进水里,几个小时后把壶取出,用清水沖洗干净。如壶内有些细沙,彻底洗刷干净即可泡茶。

三.不必使用其他材料如米粥、豆腐、甘蔗等与新壶和水一起煮。不必把新壶拿去煮或蒸,不可用洗洁精清洗砂壶。

四.如新壶身上有肉眼可见的蜡、油、污迹、泥块、茶垢等状况,或嗅闻到奇怪异味,不可用于泡茶品茶。

(四)善待砂壶的心思

一.实实在在的使用茶壶泡茶来品赏。不要把茶壶当傻瓜,以为它不晓得冷暖,天天拿它去烧煮或泡在水里,有时甚至泡馊了也没放在心上。

二.泡茶时不必一直用热水往壶的头上浇淋、不必边淋水边用毛刷子刷壶身、不必用布不断地推搓壶身。

三.每次泡饮完毕,要将茶渣清除干净,把茶壶用清水冲洗,再用干净布擦拭壶外,打开盖子放在卫生处让它晾干。

四.每一次让壶彻底干燥后,才再使用第二次。

五.提拿茶壶时要小心谨慎,一手扶把一手托底,放时要轻声轻气。数人观赏茶壶时,茶壶不要放在人手上传来传去,桌上铺一块软布,把茶壶置放布上,郑重把壶请过来。

  (2841)

茶文化复兴初期的台湾茶学教育-20130828周三小方块-蔡荣章

茶文化复兴初期的台湾茶学教育

蔡荣章

20130828周三小方块WEDNESDAY TEA CORNER

台北陆羽茶道教室隶属于台北陆羽茶艺中心,是民间的茶学教育机构。台北陆羽茶艺中心由陆羽茶艺股份有限公司设置,该公司成立于1980.08.24,陆羽茶艺中心于1980年10月1日开始营运,1980年12月成立“陸羽茶學講座”(1990.12.1改名为“陆羽茶道教室”)。这是台湾首次持续开设的茶学讲座,时间为当代茶文化复兴的初期,这样民间的茶学教育当然要从基层做起、茶道教室的课程要从初级班设置起。什么是人们需要的入门知识呢?我们认为要让喝茶人对茶、泡茶、茶具、茶史有个初步认识,于是着手设计课程纲要,将1980年12月首次开班的课程定名为“茶艺讲座”,每周上课二次,每次二小时,四周完成八次一期的讲座。

因为是针对社会人士,而且来上课的不是上班族就是家庭主妇,所以每期课程不宜排得太长,否则大家不容易排出时间。大家都在忙碌的生活中排除困难,一有机会就先上一期课再说,如此上完一期又一期,总有一天可以把各种茶学知识上完。经验告诉我们,一个月八次课左右是最容易被接受而且有效的排课方法,若只是三次四次,要教完一种课目而且深植学习者的心中是不容易的。

茶艺讲座初期的八次课是如此安排的:第一次茶的制造(含学员自我介绍),第二次茶的认识,第三次如何泡好一壶茶(泡茶原理),第四次泡茶演练(分组练习),第五次陶艺与茶艺,第六次茶的历史文化,第七次茶艺观摩(即泡茶考试),第八次学科考试与问题研讨(含颁证)。这样的课程内容一直实施了23年, 直至2003.03北京陆羽茶艺中心成立, 陈莉经理认为应该把无我茶会列入初级班的茶艺讲座内(台北陆羽茶艺中心已在1991.03.27将无我茶会列入中级班的“茶法與茶会研讨” 课之中),因此北京的茶艺讲座增加了一次二小时的无我茶会而变成九次课。后来台北陆羽茶艺中心也在举办了398期后,于2003.11.26将无我茶会增列入茶艺讲座399期及以后的课程之中。

台北陆羽茶道教室的茶艺讲座到2013.08.14截止一共举办了453期,每期约30位学员。若将1980视为茶文化复兴的起始,2013的今日已是过了33个年头,茶文化的种种现象已进入了发展期,但虽说纲目已举,然而“茶道艺术”尚未能普遍被认知与呈现,“茶文化”的独立体系尚未成熟,我们还不能停用“茶文化复兴”的字眼。

我们关注茶文化复兴初期的茶学教育,关注当时台北陆羽茶艺中心的发展情况,关心那个时候在哪里开设了什么基础课程、这个课程的内容包括什么内容、是哪些人参与学习、踊跃的程度如何,方便进一步了解现代茶学及茶文化的种种现象。

 

  (2550)

我如此享用一杯茶-蔡荣章-20130814周三小方块

我如此享用一杯茶

蔡荣章

20130814周三小方块WEDNESDAY TEA CORNER

在我想喝茶的时候,我会选一款让我喝了很舒服的茶, 所谓很舒服是指喝了顺口,不会很快产生饥餓感, 不会有难以下咽的感觉。经验告诉我,这样的茶都与品质有关。我不在意茶的不同种类与风味差异,我很关注这款茶是否依它的天性将它做得到位。做得到位的茶不一定就是市场价位最高的茶,我会避开供不应求的时段与类别,我会随时储备一些这样的茶在身边。

放在身边的茶是要照顾的,我会依它们的需要放置在不同湿度与温度的地方(晒太阳与有异味是不行的),需要的时候给予适当的复火或常温式的干燥, 喝饼茶时提早二三天将茶剥离到接近散茶的程度。

泡茶的用水是平时就会准备的, 这时要关注的是这泡茶所需的温度。是这泡茶, 不是这种茶也不是这包茶, 因为这泡茶的茶况不见得与这一包茶一样,更不见得与这一种茶一样, 最明显的是细碎的程度不同, 或是多拨了一些较老的叶子入壶。这时的水温就需要微调。

我会选一把适合这包茶的壶, 所谓适合是指能将这包茶的特性表现得最好的壶, 如应选银壶、紫砂壶、或瓷壶?若是陶瓷壶还要决定不同的烧结程度。我会拿出喝茶最佳的杯子, 这是累积经验逐步留下来的杯子, 无需另行挑选, 这样的杯子才不会折损用心冲泡出来的茶汤。

我会依拟冲泡的次数在壶内置入适量的茶叶, 冲入该茶喜欢温度的热水, 精准地计算浸泡的时间, 然后将茶汤倒出。我会将茶汤倒干, 以免影响这一道预期的浓度以及下一道茶汤浓度的控制。我会很有耐心地等茶汤滴干。

我会使用一把附有细密滤网的茶盅(滤网经常是架设在盅口上), 这样将茶汤一次倒入茶盅时可以将茶末过滤得很干净, 接着分倒入杯饮用, 就可以欣赏到完整的茶汤颜色,饮用时也不必担心茶渣进入口中。这时我可以完整地享用茶汤。

喝完第一道通常会继续冲泡第二道, 等壶内的茶叶稍微降温后, 闻闻壶内的香气, 从浓郁、尚足、或是清微,判断该泡茶的质量与水可溶物的多寡, 水可溶物丰富者接下来的浸泡时间不必太长。还要看看茶叶舒展的状况,如果原本紧结的茶这时才刚刚松开,接下来浸泡的时间是要缩短得厲害的,剥得不是很散的饼茶或砖茶亦是如此。第二道缩短的程度还要看置茶量的多少,置茶量愈多缩短的幅度要愈大。如置放了四分之一壶的高质量球型高山乌龙茶,第一道浸泡了一分二十秒得出标准浓度的茶汤,第二道的浸泡时间应是三十秒,当置茶量增加到三分之一壶,同样的水温,第一道若浸泡了一分十秒得出标准浓度的茶汤,第二道的浸泡时间就要缩到十秒。

假设第三道茶是隔了一段时间再泡,这时除继续闻茶叶的香气与看茶叶舒展的状况外,还要将间隔的时间因素加进去。如果上述第二道三十秒出汤的例子,在停了三十分钟再泡第三道,浸泡时间可以不必延长,依旧三十秒即可(若不暂停而是继续冲泡,则要四十五秒)。若是上述第二道十秒出汤的例子,停了三十分钟再泡第三道,这时的浸泡时间应是即冲即倒(就是冲了水,盖上壶盖,就要将茶汤倒出来了)。

我爱茶,我如此细心与它为伍,包括事前的选茶、平时的储存与再度让它精炼、饮用时的冲泡。我有条件可以欣赏、享受到美好又准确的茶汤。

  (2052)

莫让比赛规则改变茶道艺术的纯度-蔡荣章

莫让比赛规则改变茶道艺术的纯度

蔡荣章

201306《海峡茶道》专栏

「如果茶艺竞赛或茶艺师证照考试的规则要求我们得穿旗袍或唐装,然后在成绩评定标准上又有服装这一项,我们肯定会穿旗袍或唐装。如果没有要求穿哪一款式的服装,但在成绩评定标准上有服装这一项,我们也会想办法穿件出奇制胜的衣服以求得这个项目的高分。这样长时间实施的结果会不会误导茶文化界与社会大众,以为茶道艺术就是要这样穿着或这么重视打扮?」

「会的,这是比赛或考试的规则制定与出题时应留意的。如果主办单位想要利用服装的穿着令社会大众重视茶道艺术,可以在参加资格上注明要穿着〝适合泡茶的正式服装〞,且在成绩评定上保留服装这一项,如此才可以避免将茶道艺术制式化。至于什么是方便泡茶的正式服装,泡茶者可以有自己的打算,茶文化界也可以提出意见或做出样品。然而到了茶道艺术发展成熟后,成绩评定栏上就不必要有服装这一项了。」

「为什么到了茶道艺术发展成熟后,成绩评定栏上就不必要有服装这一项了?」

「因为服装不是茶道艺术的本体,就像音乐,大家不会将音乐家的服装视为音乐的一部分。如果茶道艺术的成绩包含了服装,就稀释了茶道艺术的纯度。你会说服仪也影响了茶道艺术的表现,没错,但在茶道艺术本身的评价上是要将服装隔离的。」

「如此说来,茶席的设计以及茶席上的插花、焚香、挂画也都不能视为茶道艺术的本体了?」

「没有错,茶席上的〝茶具设置〞直接影响茶道艺术的表现,应视为茶道艺术的本体,但装饰的部分如插花、焚香、挂画,以及泡茶者的穿着只是影响着茶道艺术的对外感染力,只能视为茶道艺术的包装。若以一套茶具为例,包装保证了它在搬运中不被打破,这是属于上述的〝茶具设置〞性质,应视为茶具商品的一部分,但包装的华丽部分就纯粹属于打扮了,在从事这套茶具泡茶功能评估时就要将华丽与否分离开来。」

「为什么还看到比赛或考试的评分标准上有配乐这一栏?且注明要与茶艺主题相协调,若欠缺艺术感染力,要行扣分。这不也稀释了茶道艺术的纯度?」

「对的,就纯艺术的角度来看,茶道艺术是茶道艺术,音乐是音乐。再说,茶道艺术有自己的声音,如煮水、倒茶叶、倒茶汤、茶具与人的移动、人的话语、风的吹送、屋外的鸟叫等等,不需要再拿另外一首音乐与茶道艺术同台演出。有人说,有音乐为伴泡起茶来较自在。那是因为泡茶者尚缺独挑大梁的能力,我们喜欢茶道艺术的纯度。」

「有次参加茶艺竞赛,评分标准上有仪容仪表礼仪一项,赛后评委讲评时两个人强调了微笑的重要性。泡茶时是不是从头到尾都要保持微笑才好?」

「泡茶时专心泡茶,脸上表情自然就是一副认真的样子,如果他是属于安然自若型的,表现出来的就是轻松愉快的,如果他是属于严肃型的,表现出来的就是一板一眼的,如果他是属于紧张型的,倒茶时手都会有点抖动,但只要是认真的、有把握的,这抖动的仪态还是优美的。到了奉茶的时候,亲切热忱,面带微笑总是要的,但如果将面带微笑列为茶道艺术必备的表情,那就强制性地掺入了不一定必要的原素,而且会有如加上音乐、加上强烈视觉效果的服装、加上夸张的肢体语言一般,削弱了茶道艺术的纯度,分散了欣赏茶道艺术的专注度。」

「刚才说到夸张的肢体语言,有人认为只是平铺直叙地泡茶只见功能性而没有艺术性,所以喜欢增加一些手势,甚至于舞动着身体。增加的这些可不可以算是茶道艺术的一部分?」

「如果泡茶者认为填加的这些手势与身体的舞动是属于他所要呈现的茶道艺术,那我们就要以加进去这些后的全部来衡量他的茶道艺术,如果我们认为加进去的这些动作太稀释了茶道艺术,如茶的成分已降到70%以下,我们会将之视为茶艺歌舞。茶道艺术是以泡茶、奉茶、茶汤为媒介所呈现的艺术,内涵的充实与否,表现的技法优良与否都要在泡茶、奉茶、茶汤的本体上评估,否则就有如研判声乐家歌唱得好坏还要从他的肢体舞动上打分数一样可笑。」

「我参加的那一次茶艺比赛,在评分标准上有〝茶艺创意〞一项,所要求的是〝表演富有创意,视角独特,形式新颖〞,这是茶道艺术高低的衡量标准之一吗?」

「不应该是,不只对茶道艺术不可以如此鼓励,对其他艺术项目也不可以将之列为分数加减的项目,否则大家为了得高分,拼命呈现创意,呈现视角独特,呈现形式新颖,结果不见得是件好作品。例如一幅水墨画,在人体上涂上墨汁,让他在纸上滚个一圈,完成了一件抽象性的作品。这在当时算是创举,富有创意、视角独特、形式新颖,此项分数准得高分,但难保就是件好作品。

早期的茶艺竞赛上也看过温壶时先在壶盖与壶口间垫张纸,然后从壶外淋水,淋过一阵子后,打开壶盖,取下纸张,再行置茶。说是壶内全干,置茶闻香与泡起茶来的效果更佳。这样的做法在当时应该也是富有创意、视角独特、形式新颖,但是不是就可以把茶汤表现得好、茶道艺术的内涵与形式表现得深刻就不得而知了。

然而有了这项评分标准,参赛者容易掌握,得分容易,往往就因此获得名次,社会大众也因此被误导为艺术创作理当如此、茶道艺术表现理当如此。要知道,所有的创意必须建构在更丰富的内涵、更耐人寻味的美感境界、更隽永的物质与精神享受才有意义,否则徒然稀释了艺术的纯度,大众被创意吸引,忽略了该项艺术的本质与本体。

梵谷的绘画被重视,不能解释为他用了如火焰般的创意笔触。梵谷这种笔法可以说是富有创意、视角独特、形式新颖没错,但评论界不会以此作为着力点,大多说到他的每一笔都充满了激情,是欣赏其作品所呈现的意涵与境界。」

「茶道艺术可以分解成:茶汤30分、茶艺演示30分、茶席茶具20分、仪容仪表20分吗?」

「不可以的。在教学上可以提醒同学要留意茶汤、泡茶动作、茶席设置、茶具、服饰—-,但茶道艺术是整体的表现,不但不可以依上述诸原素分别论功行赏,甚至于主体部分的泡茶、奉茶、茶汤也无法拆开来看。分开来评分的结果,经常发生茶汤泡得不怎么样,但动作、服仪优美者夺了冠。要知道茶道艺术的核心在茶汤,茶泡不好,只有动作与服仪仍然不及格。评委的组成如果是从评茶界找一位、从表演界找一位、从设计界找一位、从音乐界找一位,他们对茶道艺术要有认知、有合理的评分标准,否则也容易发生上述的结果。

绘画作品的评比是不可以这样设计评分标准的:色彩30分、线条结构30分、布局10分、透视合理性10分、创意10分、装裱10分。如果大小的比赛规则都是如此订定,绘画艺术将被封死在这样的棺材内。依此类推,音乐的评比或欣赏也没人会将旋律、音色、合声等分开。

泡茶可以很随意,就如任何人都可以随便哼唱两声,泡茶可以很严谨地进入茶道艺术领域,就如歌唱进入音乐的殿堂。当泡茶要进入了茶道艺术的时候,应该以艺术的方法栽培它、呵护它,茶界的前辈们要以艺术的角度评判它。」

 

  (1967)